Flight

Question 1

properties of air

Answer 1

Air has mass
Takes up space
Exerts pressure (pushes on objects)
Has temperature
Can be compressed
Is affected by altitude

Question 2

Hot air rises, cold air sinks

Answer 2

yes

Question 3

Bernoulli’s Principle

Answer 3

The wing has to be shaped as an airfoil (teardrop with flat bottom).
This way the air moves faster over the top of the wing, and creates an
area of low pressure. The higher pressure under the wing pushes up
(creating lift).

Question 4

How does lift overcome gravity

Answer 4

lift has to be greater – to get lift to be
greater, you have to create a lot of speed through thrust.

Question 5

4 Forces of Flight

Answer 5

Lift (upward)
Gravity (downward)
Thrust (forward)
Drag (resistant)

Question 6

What happens when one of the four forces of flight is greater than the other

Answer 6

If the equilibrium is changed, the aircraft could accelerate upward forward or decelerate

Question 7

What is aerodynamics?

Answer 7

the study of how air moves around things

Question 8

provide examples of things with an aerodynamic design.

Answer 8

sports car, blimp, plane , helicopter

Question 9

What is flight

Answer 9

the action or process of flying through the air

Question 10

the history of flight. What are some significant events, and when did they happen?

Answer 10

In 1903 the wright brothers manned and controlled the first sustained human flight in a plane. In the 5 century BCE, the kite was invented in China and was one of the first forms of human-made aircraft.

Question 10

the history of flight. What are some significant events, and when did they happen?

Answer 10

In 1903 the wright brothers manned and controlled the first sustained human flight in a plane. In the 5 century BCE, the kite was invented in China and was one of the first forms of human-made aircraft.

Question 11

the history of flight. What are some significant events, and when did they happen?

Answer 11

In 1903 the wright brothers manned and controlled the first sustained human flight in a plane. In the 5 century BCE, the kite was invented in China and was one of the first forms of human-made aircraft.

Question 11

the history of flight. What are some significant events, and when did they happen?

Answer 11

In 1903 the wright brothers manned and controlled the first sustained human flight in a plane. In the 5 century BCE, the kite was invented in China and was one of the first forms of human-made aircraft.

Question 12

the history of flight. What are some significant events, and when did they happen?

Answer 12

In 1903 the wright brothers manned and controlled the first sustained human flight in a plane. In the 5 century BCE, the kite was invented in China and was one of the first forms of human-made aircraft.

Question 12

the history of flight. What are some significant events, and when did they happen?

Answer 12

In 1903 the wright brothers manned and controlled the first sustained human flight in a plane. In the 5 century BCE, the kite was invented in China and was one of the first forms of human-made aircraft.

Question 12

the history of flight. What are some significant events, and when did they happen?

Answer 12

In 1903 the wright brothers manned and controlled the first sustained human flight in a plane. In the 5 century BCE, the kite was invented in China and was one of the first forms of human-made aircraft.

Question 13

the history of flight. What are some significant events, and when did they happen?

Answer 13

In 1903 the wright brothers manned and controlled the first sustained human flight in a plane. In the 5 century BCE, the kite was invented in China and was one of the first forms of human-made aircraft.

Question 13

the history of flight. What are some significant events, and when did they happen?

Answer 13

In 1903 the wright brothers manned and controlled the first sustained human flight in a plane. In the 5 century BCE, the kite was invented in China and was one of the first forms of human-made aircraft.

Question 14

How can you alter flight

Answer 14

Adding a propeller to the front of a plane. The engine is shut off in flight. The length of the wings is increased.!00 passengers board the plane

Question 15

What are the components of an airplane

Answer 15

Fuselage
Cockpit
Wings
Tail or Empennage
Engine
Propeller
Landing gear
elevators
horizontal stabilizer
vertical stabilizer

Question 16

rudder

Answer 16

located on the tail (located on the back of the vertical
stabilizer

Question 17

How does a propeller work

Answer 17

Air moves from high-pressure to low pressure

Question 18

Parachutes

Answer 18

Operate with the force of drag / air resistance

Question 19

More surface area ‘catches’ more air, more resistance = less speed

Answer 19

yes

Question 20

Less surface area ‘catches’ less air, less resistance = more speed

Answer 20

yes

Question 21

Terminal Velocity

Answer 21

when a falling object reaches its maximum speed –
gravity and drag are equal

Question 22

Hot Air Balloons

Answer 22

Hot air rises, cold air sinks
More space between molecules, less molecules in the space, less
pressure/weight (warm air)
Less space between the molecules, more molecules packed into the
space, more pressure/weight (cold air)
Turn on propane burners and shoot hot air into the envelope – pushes
cold air out the bottom
To get the hot air balloon to rise: drop sandbags & keep firing the
burner to increase the amount of hot air in the envelope
To get the balloon to descend: pull the string to open the top of the
envelope, let some hot air out, and then close it
To go side to side/steer: you have to navigate higher or lower into the
right air current (different heights blow different ways)
Parts: envelope, parachute value, burners, basket, skirt, panels,
propane tanks, seams

Question 23

Aircraft vs. Spacecraft. What are some similarities & differences between airplanes and rockets?

Answer 23

In space, there is no air, so a spacecraft cannot be designed the same as an aircraft. There won’t be drag or lift, so planes cannot fly. A spacecraft will need to rely on thrust to maneuver safely. Also, spacecraft have to carry their own air along in the form of oxidizer, since there is no air to make the engines work. That’s why jet engines can’t work in space, so rocket engines must be used instead.

Question 24

Flight in Nature

Answer 24

Wing shapes, movements of wings, design of feathers, parts (muscles
and bones) of animals, evolution (how things came/learned to fly) –
adaptations (changes to the body), how they land/take off

Question 25

Independent variables
Dependent variables
controlled variables

Answer 25

The independent variable is one single factor that is changed by the scientist followed by observation to watch for changes. …
The dependent variable is the factor that changes as a result of the change to the independent variable.
The controlled variables (or constant variables) are factors that the scientist wants to remain constant if the experiment is to show accurate results

Question 26

Ailerons

Answer 26

located on the wings (at the back on the outside

Question 27

Elevators

Answer 27

located on the tail (on the tail on the horizontal
stabilizer)

Question 28

Horizontal Stabilizer

Answer 28

located on the tail

Question 29

vertical stabilizer

Answer 29

located on the tail

Question 30

Pitch

Answer 30

created by Elevators moving up/down in pairs (moves
the nose up/down)

Question 31

Roll

Answer 31

created by Ailerons moving up/down opposite to each
other (banks sideways)

Question 32

Yaw –

Answer 32

created by Rudder side to side (moves the nose from
side to side)