Flaw in the Reasoning: Types Quiz

Question 1

an author must use each term in a constant and coherent fashion.

Answer 1

Uncertain use of a Term or Concept

Question 2

this type attacks the person instead of the argument they advance.

Answer 2

Source Argument

Question 3

author assumes as true what is supposed to be true.

Answer 3

Circular Reasoning

Question 4

These questions ask you to describe mistakes in reasoning in logical terms.

Answer 4

Errors of Conditional Reasoning

Question 5

Arguments that draw causal conclusions are inherently flawed because there may be another explanation for the stated relationship.

Answer 5

Mistaken Cause and Effect

Question 6

Author attempts to attack an opponents position by ignoring the actual statements made and instead distort and refashion the argument.

Answer 6

Straw Man

Question 7

Authors misuse information to such a degree that they fail to provide any information to support their conclusion or they provide information that is irrelevant to their conclusion.

Answer 7

General Lack of Relevant Evidence for the Conclusion

Question 8

This occurs when an author makes conflicting statements.

Answer 8

Internal Contradiction

Question 9

Appeal to authority

Answer 9

Appeal Fallicy

Question 10

Appeal to popular opinion/appeal to numbers

Answer 10

Appeal Fallicy

Question 11

Appeal to emotion

Answer 11

Appeal Fallicy

Question 12

Survey uses a biased sample

Answer 12

Survey Errors

Question 13

Survey questions are improperly constructed.

Answer 13

Survey Errors

Question 14

respondents to the survey give inaccurate responses

Answer 14

Survey Errors

Question 15

Takes a small number of instances and treats those instances as if they support a broad, sweeping conclusion.

Answer 15

Exceptional Case/Overgeneralization

Question 16

Occurs when the author attributes a characteristic of part of the group to the group as a whole or to each member of the group

Answer 16

Errors of Composition and Division

composition

Question 17

Occurs when the author attributes a characteristic of the whole (or each member of the whole) to a part of the group.

Answer 17

Errors of Composition and Division

division

Question 18

author uses an analogy that is to dissimilar to the original situation to be applicable.

Answer 18

False Analogy

Question 19

Assumes that only two courses of action are available when there may be others.

Answer 19

false dilema

Question 20

Lack of evidence for a position is taken to prove that position false.

Answer 20

Errors in the use of evidence

Question 21

Lack of evidence against a position does not undeniably prove a position.

Answer 21

Errors in the use of evidence

Question 22

Some evidence against a position is taken to prove that position false.

Answer 22

Errors in the use of evidence

Question 23

Some evidence for a position is taken to prove that position is true.

Answer 23

Errors in the use of evidence

Question 24

Mistake involves assuming that conditions will remain constant over time.

Answer 24

Time Shift errors

Question 25

When an author improperly equates percentages with a definite quantity, or when an author uses quantity information to make a judgement about the percentage represented by that quantity.

Answer 25

numbers and percentages errors