Flashcards For Exam
Dilute acid can help detect
Carbonates
Carbonates are substance that contain
CO32- ions
Test for carbonates
-use a dropping pipette to add a few drops of dilute acid to a test tube containing your mystery substance
-connect this test tube containing limewater
Result for carbonates
If carbonates are present, the reaction will release carbon dioxide which will turn the limewater cloudy when it bubbles through it
HCI and barium chloride can help detect
Sulfates
Test for sulfates
-Use a dropping pipette to add drops of dilute hydrochloric acid
-followed by a couple of drops of barium chloride solution to a test tube containing your mystery solution
Results for sulfates
A white precipitate of barium sulfate will form
Nitric acid and silver nitrate can be used to test for
Hallides
Test for halides
Add a couple of drops of dilute nitric acid (HNO3) followed by a couple of drops of silver nitrate solution (AgNO3) to your mystery solution
If chloride is present, it gives a
White precipitate of silver chloride
If bromide is present, it gives a
Cream precipitate of silver iodide
If iodide is present, it gives a
Yellow precipitate of silver iodide
Flame tests identify
Metal ions
Method for testing for metal ions
-clean a nichrome or platinum wire loop by rubbing with fine emery paper and then holding it in a blue flame from Bunsen burner
-The Bunsen burner might change color for a bit but once it’s blue again, the loop is clean
-dip the loop into the sample you want to test and put it back in the flame
Record the color of flame
Lithium ions flame color
Crimson flame
Sodium flame color
Yellow flame
Potassium ions flame color
Lilac flame
Calcium ions flame color
Orange red flame
copper ions flame color
Green flame
Calcium ions precipitate color
White
Copper ions precipitate color
Blue
Iron(II) ions precipitate color
Green
Iron(III) ions precipitate color
Brown
Aluminum ion precipitate color
White at first but then redissolves in NaOH to form a colorless solution
Magnesium ions precipitate color
White
Test for chlorine
Bleaches damp litmus paper, turning it white
Test for oxygen
If you put a glowing splint inside a test tube containing oxygen will relight a glowing splint
Test for carbon dioxide
Bubbling carbon dioxide through an aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide (limewater) causes the solution to turn cloudy
Hydrogen
Hold a burning splint at the open end of a test tube containing hydrogen, you’ll get a squeaky pop
