Flashcards
Hay
There is , There are
hablar (to speak)
hablo hablas habla hablamos hablan
comer (to eat)
como comes come comemos comen
vivir (to live)
vivo vives vive vivimos viven
ser (to be)
soy eres es somos son
estar (to be)
estoy estás está estamos están
Uses of ser
essential qualities the hour, day, and date place of origin occupation nationality religious or political affiliation the material something is made of possession relationship of one person to another certain impersonal expressions where an event is taking place
Uses of estar
geographic or physical location
state or condition
many idiomatic expressions
progressive tenses
Ser and estar (contrasting uses)
When a noun follows the verb, use ser
When an adjective follows the verb, decide between “essence” and “condition”
To tell where something is from, use ser
To tell where something is located right now, use estar
To tell where an event is taking place, use ser
tener (to have)
venir (to come)
tengo / vengo tienes / vienes tiene / viene tenemos / venimos tenéis / venís tienen / vienen
Other Yo Go verbs
Poner To Put Tener To Have Caer To Fall Traer To Bring oír To Hear Venir To Come Hacer To Do Salir To Leave Valer To Cost
poner: yo pongo, tú pones…
tener: yo tengo, tú tienes…
caer: yo caigo, tú caes…
traer: yo traigo, tú traes…
oír: yo oigo, tú oyes…
venir: yo vengo , tú vienes…
hacer: yo hago, tú haces…
salir: yo salgo, tú sales…
valer: yo valgo, tú vales.
o:ue stem-changers
dormir To Sleep
duermo duermes duerme dormimos duermen
e:ie stem-changers
cerrar To Close
cierro cierras cierra cerramos cierran
e:i stem-changers
repetir To Repeat
repito repites repite repetimos repiten
Common o:ue stem-changers
almorzar
to eat lunch
morir
to die
aprobar
to approve
mostrar
to show
colgar
to hang
mover to move (an object)
contar
to count, to tell
probar
to prove, test, sample, taste
costar
to cost
recordar
to remember
devolver to return (an object)
resolver
to solve
volver to return (from someplace)
rogar
to beg, pray
dormir
to sleep
sonar
to sound, ring
encontrar
to find
soñar (con) to dream (about)
envolver
to wrap
tostar
to toast
morder
to bite
volar
to fly
Common e:ie stem-changers
acertar
to guess, get right
encender
to light, kindle
advertir
to advise, warn
entender
to understand
cerrar
to close, shut
fregar
to scrub, wash dishes
comenzar
to begin
hervir
to boil
confesar
to confess
mentir
to lie
consentir
to consent
negar
to deny
convertir
to convert
pensar (en)
to think about
defender
to defend
perder
to lose
empezar
to begin
preferir
to prefer
Common e:i stem-changers
bendecir (*)
to bless
impedir
to impede
colegir
to deduce
maldecir (*)
to curse
competir
to compete
medir
to measure
conseguir
to get, obtain
pedir
to ask for, to order
corregir
to correct
perseguir
to pursue, to persecute
decir (*)
to say, tell
reír
to laugh
despedir
to dismiss, fire
repetir
to repeat
elegir
to elect
seguir
to follow, continue
freír
to fry
servir
to serve
gemir
to groan, moan
sonreír
to smile
estar, ir, dar
estoy - voy - doy estás - vas - das está - va - da estamos - vamos - damos están - van - dan
Ir a + infinitive
To be going to do something
voy, vas, va, vamos, vais, van
Acabar de + infinitive
To have just done something
acabo, acabas, acaba, acabamos, acabáis, acaban
Volver a + infinitive
To do something again
vuelvo, vuelves, vuelve, volvemos, volvéis, vuelven
Present Progressive …ing
estar + present participle
I am speaking (right now, at this moment)
Never use present progressive for something that will occur in the future.
Present Participle (-ando, -iendo, yendo)
hablar - hablando (-ar) comer - comiendo (-er) vivir - viviendo (-ir) decir - diciendo (e:i) dormir - durmiendo (o:u) leer - leyendo (orthographic) seguir: siguiendo (orthographic)
caber (to fit)
yo quepo
caer (to fall)
yo caigo
conducir (to drive)
yo conduzco
conocer (to know, to be acquainted with)
yo conozco
escoger (to choose)
yo escojo
dirigir (to direct)
yo dirijo
hacer (to do, to make)
yo hago
poner (to put, to place)
yo pongo
saber (to know something - a fact)
yo sé
salir (to leave)
yo salgo
seguir (to follow)
yo sigo
traer (to bring)
yo traigo
valer (to be worth)
yo valgo
ver (to see)
yo veo
caber (to fit)
yo quepo
caer (to fall)
yo caigo
conducir (to drive)
yo conduzco
conocer (to know, to be acquainted with)
yo conozco
escoger (to choose)
yo escojo
dirigir (to direct)
yo dirijo
hacer (to do, to make)
yo hago
poner (to put, to place)
yo pongo
saber (to know something - a fact)
yo sé
salir (to leave)
yo salgo
seguir (to follow)
yo sigo
traer (to bring)
yo traigo
valer (to be worth)
yo valgo
ver (to see)
yo veo
