Flashcards

Question 1

blood vessels that connect central canals

Answer 1

perforating canals

Question 2

blood vessels and nerves that run through the middle of each osteon

Answer 2

central canals

Question 3

immature bone cells that still produce bone

Answer 3

osteoblasts

Question 4

inner lining of bone (covers trabeculae too)

Answer 4

endosteum

Question 5

mature bone cells that keep bone healthy and repair breaks

Answer 5

osteocytes

Question 6

microscopic connections between bone cells, small channels through the matrix

Answer 6

canaliculi

Question 7

multinucleate white blood cells that dissolve bone

Answer 7

osteoclasts

Question 8

bone

Answer 8

osseous tissue

Question 9

outer covering of a bone

Answer 9

periosteum

Question 10

partial rings (old osteons) between osteons

Answer 10

interstitial lamellae

Question 11

pockets where mature bone cells sit

Answer 11

lacunae

Question 12

region between the shaft and the ends

Answer 12

metaphysis

Question 13

remnant of the growth plate after a person is fully grown

Answer 13

epiphyseal line

Question 14

rings of matrix that run around the entire bone

Answer 14

circumferential lamellae

Question 15

rings of matrix within one osteon

Answer 15

concentric lamellae

Question 16

scientific name for the ends of long bones

Answer 16

epiphysis

Question 17

scientific name for the shaft of a long bone

Answer 17

diaphysis

Question 18

stem cells that become osteoblasts

Answer 18

osteogenic cells

Question 19

struts and plates in spongy bone

Answer 19

trabeculae

Question 20

term for bone being dissolved (what osteoclasts do)

Answer 20

osteolysis

Question 21

term that means bone production (what osteoblasts do)

Answer 21

osteogenesis

Question 22

the part of bone where blood is produced

Answer 22

red marrow

Question 23

the part of the bone where fat is stored

Answer 23

yellow marrow

Question 24

structural units of compact bone, concentric cylinders around a blood vessel

Answer 24

osteon

Question 25

when a tissue becomes bone

Answer 25

ossification

Question 26

bones are porous and thin, composition is normal

Answer 26

osteoporosis

Question 27

bone is poorly mineralized and deforms on weight bearing

Answer 27

osteomalacia

Question 28

abnormal bone formation and reabsorption

Answer 28

paget's disease

Question 29

growth pattern where matrix is laid down at the surface

Answer 29

appositional growth

Question 30

growth from within the matrix

Answer 30

interstitial growth

Question 31

the gland that makes calcitonin to lower blood calcium

Answer 31

thyroid

Question 32

the framework for spongy bone

Answer 32

trabeculae

Question 33

a blood clot in a bone

Answer 33

hematoma

Question 34

a break at the growth plate

Answer 34

epiphyseal fracture

Question 35

a break caused by twisting, common sports injury

Answer 35

spiral fracture

Question 36

an incomplete break common in young children whose bones haven't fully ossified

Answer 36

greenstick fracture

Question 37

a break in a bone

Answer 37

fracture

Question 38

a break that breaks off the distal ends of both the tibia and fibula

Answer 38

pott's fracture

Question 39

a break that breaks the distal portion of the radius at the thumb

Answer 39

colle's fracture

Question 40

a break that goes straight across the long axis of a bone

Answer 40

transverse fracture

Question 41

a break that leaves many shattered pieces

Answer 41

comminuted fracture

Question 42

a break where the bone must be realigned

Answer 42

displaced fracture

Question 43

a break where the bones remain aligned

Answer 43

non-displaced fracture

Question 44

a fracture that does break the skin

Answer 44

compound (open) fracture

Question 45

a fracture that doesn't break the skin

Answer 45

simple (closed) fracture

Question 46

a fracture where a bone is crushed

Answer 46

compression fracture

Question 47

bone features like foramen, fossa, condyle, process

Answer 47

bone markings

Question 48

carpals and tarsals

Answer 48

short bones

Question 49

excess growth hormone prior to puberty results in this condition

Answer 49

gigantism

Question 50

femur, tibia, fibula, humerus, radius, ulna, metatarsals

Answer 50

long bones

Question 51

hormone that stimulates osteoblasts to put calcium into bone

Answer 51

calcitonin

Question 52

hormone that stimulates osteoclasts to release minerals from bone

Answer 52

parathyroid hormone

Question 53

parietals, sternum, ribs, and scapulae

Answer 53

flat bones

Question 54

patella

Answer 54

sesamoid bones

Question 55

the disease where bone loss is interfering with life and normal ativity

Answer 55

osteoporosis

Question 56

the ring of bone that forms around a fracture site

Answer 56

callus

Question 57

the term for normal bone loss due to aging

Answer 57

osteopenia

Question 58

the idea that bone growth increases with stress

Answer 58

wolff's law

Question 59

the spongy bone layer in flat and irregular bone

Answer 59

diploe