Flashcards

Question 1

Intraperitoneal GLOSSS organs?

Answer 1

GB, Liver, Ovaries, Stomach, Spleen & Some bowel

Question 2

What is the organs “skin” ?

Answer 2

Visceral

Question 3

What is lesser sac?

Answer 3

Aka Omental bursa, between pancreas & stomach

Question 4

Exudate is what ascites?

Answer 4

Malignant

Question 5

Transudate is what ascites?

Answer 5

Benign

Question 6

What is the Subhepatic space?

Answer 6

Inferior to Kidney, Rt posterior subhepatic space AKA Morisons pouch

Question 7

what is FAST scan?

Answer 7

Focused Assessment w Sonography for Trauma
(looking for ff or hemoperitoneum)

Question 8

What is in the Perirenal space?

Answer 8

Kidney, adrenals & ureter

Question 9

Anterior pararenal space?

Answer 9

Panc, duodenum, ascending &descending colon

Question 10

Posterior pararenal space?

Answer 10

Fat

Question 11

What is portal triads?

Answer 11

Portal Vein, Proper Hepatic Artery & Common hepatic duct

Question 12

What is INTERSEGMENTAL?

Answer 12

Runs between segments: Fissures, hepatic veins, ligaments & GB

Question 13

What separates the RT anterior/ LT medial of liver?

Answer 13

Middle hepatic vein, Main Lobar Fissure & GB

Question 14

Ligamentum Venosum?

Answer 14

Remnant of ductus venosus ( separates the left lobe of liver from the caudate lobe )

Question 15

Ligamentum Teres?

Answer 15

AKA round ligament: in utero= umbilical vein, inside the falciform ligament

Question 16

With portal hypertension what happens to ligamentum teres?

Answer 16

It recanalizes to form a portosystemic venous collateral

Question 17

What supplies blood flow to liver?

Answer 17

MPV (70-75%) & Proper Hepatic Artery (Low resistant)
(MPV is Hepatopedal & low velocity minimally phasic)

Question 18

Hepatic Veins

Answer 18

Drains blood & goes to RT Atrium (triphasic) & Hepatofugal

Question 19

Liver measurement

Answer 19

Normal up to 15cm
(slightly echogenic compared to kidney)
MPV < 13 mm (is the upper limit)

Question 20

Low Resistance (other names)

Answer 20

Increased end diastolic flow
Decreased resistive index
Decreased pulsatility index

Question 21

Diffuse Liver Labs?

Answer 21

ALT (Alanine Transamimase)
ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase)
AST (Aspartate Transaminase)

Question 22

Biliruben when elevated?

Answer 22

Hyperbilirubinemia = Jaundice

Question 23

Indirect (Unconjugated) bilirubin?

Answer 23

Not yet gone through the liver

Question 24

Direct (Conjugated) bilirubin?

Answer 24

Acute liver disease
Hepatitis
Biliary Obstruction

Question 25

Total Bilirubin (Direct + Indirect) ?

Answer 25

Usually liver disease/failure

Question 26

Most Common diffuse liver disease?

Answer 26

Fatty liver aka hepatic steatosis
Elevated LFTS (ALP,AST, ALT)
Sono: echogenic,dense & poor thru transmission & poor visualization of vascular

Question 27

Focal Fatty Sparing?

Answer 27

Focal hypo area. Patch of normal liver. Most common location is next to GB/Porta Hepatis

Question 28

What is Cirrhosis?

Answer 28

Live cell death & fibrosis/liver failure.
MOST COMMON CAUSE IS ALCOHOLISM
Elevated LFTS (ALT,ALP, AST) , Jaundice (total or direct) , weight loss, diarrhea & fatigue
Sono: heterogenous/coarse texture, small rt lobe & enlarged caudate, ascites

Question 29

What is the Sequela/Progression of Cirrhosis?

Answer 29

Portal Hypertension & increased risk of HCC
eval pv for thrombosis & hcc

Question 30

What causes Portal Hypertension?

Answer 30

Most common cause is cirrhosis
Blood backs up into Splenic V , coronary (lt gastric) will dilate & form varices / venous collateral’s
Clinical: same as cirrhosis + caput medusa(superficial abd veins) & gi bleeding
Sono: hepatofugal PV flow, >13 mm, abd varices= dilated venous collateral’s near spleen, stomach & esophagus, splenomegaly & recanalized paraumbilical vein

Question 31

What is the treatment for Portal Hypertension

Answer 31

TIPPS