Flashcards

Question 1

Another word for Selective Breeding

Answer 1

Artificial Selection

Question 2

What is Selective Breeding

Answer 2

Choosing parents with particular characteristics to breed together and produce offspring with way more desirable characteristics.

Question 3

Disadvantages in Selective breeding

Answer 3

1. Reduces amount of genes in gene pool.
2. Reduces variation in the breed.
3. Increases the risk of having genetically inherited diseases.

Question 4

Advantages in Selective breeding

Answer 4

1. Anyone can participate in the process
2. Gives us the opportunity to select the desired characteristics in animals/plants.

Question 5

two main types of selective breeding

Answer 5

Inbreeding and Hybridization

Question 6

What is Inbreeding?

Answer 6

Crossing genetically similar organisms

Question 7

What is Hybridisation?

Answer 7

Crossing genetically different organisms

Question 8

Risk of Inbreeding?

Answer 8

Genetical inherited disorders

Question 9

Risk of Hybridisation?

Answer 9

Unpredictable outcomes

Question 10

What is Genetic Engineering?

Answer 10

Directly altering or transferring genes between organisms

Question 11

What is Bioremediation?

Answer 11

Using organisms to clean up the environment polluntants.

Question 12

What is cloning?

Answer 12

Creating genetically identical organisms.

Question 13

Name two methods of cloning (one for animals and one for plants)?

Answer 13

1. Plant cloning through cuttings
2. Animal cloning through nuclear transfer.

Question 14

What is a Punnet square?

Answer 14

A diagram used to determine the probability of an offspring.

Question 15

What is an allele?

Answer 15

Different types of genes.

Question 16

What does Homozygous (Purebred) mean?

Answer 16

when you have two of the same allele (PP or pp).

Question 17

What does Heterozygous (Hybrid) mean?

Answer 17

when you two completely different alleles (Pp).

Question 18

What does Genotype mean?

Answer 18

The genetics inherited from a parent

Question 19

What does Phenotype mean?

Answer 19

your observable traits (characteristics).

Question 20

What are genetic inherited disorders?

Answer 20

Conditions passed from parents to offspring in their genes.

Question 21

What does it mean when it’s “caused by a recessive allele”?

Answer 21

means that you need 2 copies of the same allele to have the disease.

Question 22

What does it mean when it’s “caused by a dominant allele”?

Answer 22

means that you need at least one copy of an allele to have the disease.

Question 23

If someone has a recessive allele with a dominant allele, then you are a ______ of that disease

Answer 23

Carrier

Question 24

What is polydactyly?

Answer 24

Polydactyly is a disorder in which a baby has an extra finger or toe.

Question 25

What is Cystic Fibrosis?

Answer 25

A disease that builds up thick, sticky mucus in the body’s tubes and passageways in the lungs.