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Another word for Selective Breeding
Artificial Selection
What is Selective Breeding
Choosing parents with particular characteristics to breed together and produce offspring with way more desirable characteristics.
Disadvantages in Selective breeding
- Reduces amount of genes in gene pool.
- Reduces variation in the breed.
- Increases the risk of having genetically inherited diseases.
Advantages in Selective breeding
- Anyone can participate in the process
- Gives us the opportunity to select the desired characteristics in animals/plants.
two main types of selective breeding
Inbreeding and Hybridization
What is Inbreeding?
Crossing genetically similar organisms
What is Hybridisation?
Crossing genetically different organisms
Risk of Inbreeding?
Genetical inherited disorders
Risk of Hybridisation?
Unpredictable outcomes
What is Genetic Engineering?
Directly altering or transferring genes between organisms
What is Bioremediation?
Using organisms to clean up the environment polluntants.
What is cloning?
Creating genetically identical organisms.
Name two methods of cloning (one for animals and one for plants)?
- Plant cloning through cuttings
- Animal cloning through nuclear transfer.
What is a Punnet square?
A diagram used to determine the probability of an offspring.
What is an allele?
Different types of genes.
What does Homozygous (Purebred) mean?
when you have two of the same allele (PP or pp).
What does Heterozygous (Hybrid) mean?
when you two completely different alleles (Pp).
What does Genotype mean?
The genetics inherited from a parent
What does Phenotype mean?
your observable traits (characteristics).
What are genetic inherited disorders?
Conditions passed from parents to offspring in their genes.
What does it mean when it’s “caused by a recessive allele”?
means that you need 2 copies of the same allele to have the disease.
What does it mean when it’s “caused by a dominant allele”?
means that you need at least one copy of an allele to have the disease.
If someone has a recessive allele with a dominant allele, then you are a ______ of that disease
Carrier
What is polydactyly?
Polydactyly is a disorder in which a baby has an extra finger or toe.
