flashcards

1
Q

absolute magnitude

A

a brightness scale used to measure of how bright a star would be if it were seen from a standard distance

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2
Q

galaxy

A

a large collection of stars, dust, and gas bound together by gravity

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2
Q

apparent magnitude

A

the brightness of a star as seen from earth

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3
Q

HR diagram

A

hertzsprung russell diagram, a graph that shows the relationship between a star’s surface temperature and absolute magnitude

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4
Q

light year

A

the distance that light travels through space in one year

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5
Q

luminosity

A

the actuakl brightness of an object such as a star

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6
Q

main sequnce

A

the religion on the Hr diagram where stars spend most of their lives

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7
Q

nebula

A

a large cloud of dust and gas in interstellar space; a religion in space where stars are born

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8
Q

neutron star

A

the core of a supernova that has collapsed under gravity to the point that the electrons and protons have smashed together to form neutrons

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9
Q

planet

A

a relatively large spherical body that orbits a star

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10
Q

pulsar

A

a highly magnetized, rotating neutron star that emits a beam of electromagnetic radiation

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11
Q

revolution

A

the motion of a body that travels around another body in space; one trip along an orbit

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12
Q

rotation

A

the spin of a body in its axis

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13
Q

solar system

A

the collection of large and small bodies that orbit our central star, the sun

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14
Q

star

A

a large celestial body that is composted of gas and that emits light; the sun is a typical star

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15
Q

wavelength

A

the distance between two adjacent troughs or crests of a wave

16
Q

supernova

A

a gigantic explosion in which a massive star throws its outer layer into space, but its cure remains

17
Q

universe

A

space and all the matter and energy in it

18
Q

white dwarf

A

the hot, dense, dim core of matter that remains from the collapse of a low mass star

19
Q

spiral galaxy

A

a galaxy shaped like a pinwheel, with a bulge in the center and spiral arms extending outward

20
Q

elliptical galaxy

A

a spherical or elongated galaxy with a bright center and very little dust and gas

21
Q

irregular galaxy

A

a galaxy with an irregular shape that does not fit into any other category

22
Q

electromagnetic spectrum

A

all of the different wave lengths and frequencies of electromagnetic radiation , from radio waves to gamma rays

23
Q

big bang theory

A

the theory that all matter and energy in the universe was compressed into an extremely small volume that 13 billion to 15 billion years ago exploded and began expanding in all directions

24
Q

cosmic microwave background

A

CMB; the electromagnetic radiation left over from the formathon of the universe

25
Q

red shift

A

a phenomenon which occurs when a star or galaxy is moving away from the earth and its

26
Q

doppler effect

A

an observed change in frequency or wavelength when the source is moving with respect to the observer

27
Q

spectroscope

A

a tool used to collect light from tars and separate the colors in the light