Flashcards 1
What does antebellum mean
before the Civil War
What was the Second Great Awakening?
as lots of change was happening, many turned to religion
- unprecedented expansion of church membership
- democratisation of Protestantism (Calvinist ideals replaced by belief that behaviour in this life did have an impact on salvation in the next)
Why was the Second Great Awakening important?
led to the establishment of reform movements to address injustices and alleviate suffering
What was the camp meeting?
associated with Methodists
Itinerate preachers go around the countryside holding religious meetings setting up camps to give fiery speeches
- led more to join churches and learn about religion
How did women improve their role/status in society?
used evangelicalism to emerge from the home and challenge moral evils of society so had more of a role
In what ways did women involve themselves in society?
formed sunday schools, orphanages, charities, mother’s clubs
took part in the temperance movement
What was the temperance movement and why was it important?
anti-alcohol
most widespread movement before the Civil War
only major reform movement that got a hold in the South
What was the name of the anti-alcohol society and how many members did it have?
The American Temperance Society
more than 300,000 members by 1830s
Why was the temperance movement so successful?
question of personal reform rather than societal reform
not that dramatic in shifting structures of society, just about individuals
What was the common school movement?
movement to provide tax-supported, state school systems open to all children
Who pioneered the common school movement and when?
Horace Mann
late 1830s
How was the common schools movement successful?
by 1860 every northern state had an established tax supported system of schools
women now had a career option as a teacher
What was the idea of colonisation?
Early 19th century movement calling for the gradual, voluntary repatriation of African Americans back to Africa
When and what colony was set up with support of the US gov for removing slaves?
1920
Liberia
