Flash cards of terms

Question 1

when organisms make compounds needed by the cells

Answer 1

Anabolic reaction

Question 2

Different versions of the same genes

Answer 2

Allele

Question 3

the building blocks of elements

Answer 3

Atom

Question 4

producers; organisms that make their own food

Answer 4

Autotroph

Question 5

a series of pathways where molecules are broken down into smaller bits and energy is released

Answer 5

Catabolic reaction

Question 6

the smallest organisms the building blocks of life

Answer 6

Cell

Question 7

the complex of DNA and histones is called?

Answer 7

Chromatin

Question 8

coils of DNA are bundled up into organized structures are called?

Answer 8

Chromosome

Question 9

occurs when two alleles for a gene are both expressed but the characteristics are seen side by side

Answer 9

Codominance

Question 10

type of cell formed when the plus and minus mating types come together

Answer 10

Diploid

Question 11

a genetic trait that has a higher likelihood of being passed on to the next generation

Answer 11

Dominant

Question 12

a pure substance made of only one kind of atom

Answer 12

Element

Question 13

Proteins that speed up chemical reactions; break down molecules

Answer 13

Enzymes

Question 14

the type of cells in multicellular organisms

Answer 14

Eukaryote

Question 15

the two cells which come together to form a new organism

Answer 15

Gamte

Question 16

the complete collection of a cell’s DNA genetic material

Answer 16

Genome

Question 17

A segment of DNA on a chromosome that codes for a specific trait

Answer 17

Gene

Question 18

the combination of alleles carried by an organism, all genes collectively, whether dominant or recessive

Answer 18

Genotype

Question 19

each cell having a double copy of each chromosome, but missing its homologous pair

Answer 19

Haploid

Question 20

consumers; organisms which depend on other organisms for their food

Answer 20

Heterotroph

Question 21

when an organism has two different copies of an allele — one dominant and one recessive

Answer 21

Heterozygous

Question 22

chromosomes organized into pairs

Answer 22

Homologous chromosomes

Question 23

when an organism has two copies of the same allele — either both dominant or both recessive

Answer 23

Homozygous

Question 24

occurs when two alleles are both expressed resulting in a blended phenotype

Answer 24

Incomplete dominance

Question 25

physical characteristics of an organism

Answer 25

Phenotype

Question 26

single-celled organism

Answer 26

Prokaryote

Question 27

a genetic trait that is not as likely to be passed on to the next generation as the dominant

Answer 27

Recessive

Question 28

traits controlled by genes located on sex chromosomes; Females have XX chromosomes; males have XY chromosomes

Answer 28

Sex-linked trait