Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology Vocab > Flash cards > Flashcards

Flash cards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Bioprospecting

A

the process of discovery and commercialization of new products based on biological resources.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nanobes

A

tiny filamental structure first found in some rocks and sediments. Smallest for of life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Proto-cells

A

Presumed stage of chemical evolution that preceded living cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Big Bang

A

Model for the origin of universe by nearly instantaneous destruction of all matter and energy through all the space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Self-replicating systems

A

any behavior of a dynamical system that yields construction of an identical copy of itself.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

RNA world

A

Model for a time prior to the evolution of DNA; A self replicating system chemically involved in which RNA strands were templates for protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Stromatolites

A

Fossilized remains dome shaped mats of swallow water communities cyanobacteria species especially that were unfiltrated with dissolved minerals and find sediments some are 3 billion years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Chemaoutotrophs

A

Any prokaryotic cell that makes it’s own food by oxidizing inorganic substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cyanobacteria

A

A type of single celled photoautotroph; The first to use and noncyclic pathway of photosynthesis which slowly and Rich the early atmosphere was oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Prokaryotic cells

A

A single celled organism, often walled, that does not have the organelles characteristic of eukaryotic cells. Only bacteria and Archaeans are prokaryotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Eukaryotic cells

A

Type of cell that starts life with the nucleus and other membrane bound organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Rodinia

A

the name of a hypothesized supercontinent, a continent which contained most or all of Earth’s landmass.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Heterotrophs

A

Organism that cannot make its own food: feeds on other organisms, there wastes, or there remains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Autotroph’s

A

An organism that synthesizes it’s on food from simple inorganic compounds in its environment with the energy captured from the sun or from oxidizing inorganic substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Endosymbiosis

A

And intimate, Per minute ecological interaction in which one species lives and reproduces in the other’s body to benefit of one or both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Glaucophytes

A

a small group of rare freshwater microscopic algae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Species

A

Of sexually reproducing species, one or more natural populations of individuals that successfully interbreed and are isolated reproductively from other such groups

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Biogeography

A

Scientific study of patterns in the geographic distribution of species in communities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Comparative morphology

A

Scientific study of comparable external body parts of embryonic stages an adult forms of minor lineages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Fossils

A

Recognizable, physical evidence of an organism that lived in the distant past

21
Q

Evolution

A

Genetic change in a line of descent by microevolutionary events

22
Q

Catastrophism

A

Idea that abrupt changes in the geologic and fossil records are evidence of divinely invoked catastrophes

23
Q

Inheritance of acquired characteristics

A

Transmission, from parents to offspring, of jeans that underlie the traits characteristics of their species

24
Q

Theory of uniformity

A

Siri that earths surface has changed and slow, uniformly repetitive ways except for expected annual catastrophes, such as big flights

25
Q

Natural selection

A

Micro evolutionary process; the outcome of differences and survival and reproduction among individuals of a population that differ in the details of their heritable traits

26
Q

Fossilization

A

How fossils form over time. An organism or evidence of its gets buried in sediments or volcanic ash; water so early infiltrates the remains, and metal ions and other inorganic compounds dissolved in its place the minerals in bones and other hard ttissues

27
Q

Fossil record

A

life’s evolutionary epic that unfolded over four billion years as environmental conditions and genetic potential interacted in accordance with natural selection

28
Q

Stratification

A

Stacks of sedimentary rock layers, built up by the deposition of silt and other materials over time.

29
Q

Linage

A

Line of descent

30
Q

Radiometric dating

A

Method of measuring for portions of a radioisotope in a mineral trapped long ago in newly formed rock and a daughter isotope that form from it by radioactive decay in the same rock

31
Q

Half-life

A

The unvarying time it takes for half a quantity of any radio isotope to decay into a more stable form

32
Q

Geologic timescale

A

Time scale for earths history; major subdivisions correspond to mass extinctions

33
Q

Macro evolution

A

Large scale patterns, rates of change, and trends among the lineages

34
Q

Proterozoic

A

Era between 2.5 million to 544 million years ago. And oxygen-rich early atmosphere formed, sparkling the Cambrian explosion of biodiversity

35
Q

Paleozoic

A

Era from 544,000,000 to 248,000,000 years ago; Cambrian through Permian

36
Q

Mesozoic

A

Era of spectacular expansion in the range of global diverse city; lasted from 240,000,000 to 65,000,000 years ago

37
Q

Cenozoic

A

The modern geologic era, from 65 men years ago into the present

38
Q

Archean eon

A

Eon extending from the time that life originated, 3.8 billion years ago, to 2.5 billion years ago

39
Q

Pangaea

A

Paleozoic supercontinent; the first land plants and animals evolved on it

40
Q

Plate tectonics theory

A

Siri that great slabs or plates of earths outer layer float on hot, semi-molten mantle. All plates are moving slowly and have rafted continents to new positions over time

41
Q

Gondwana

A

Paleozoic supercontinent that later became part of Pangaea

42
Q

Homologous structures

A

One of a pair of chromosomes in a body cells of diploid organisms; except for the pairing of nonidentical sex chromosomes, a pair has not the same size, shape, and gene sequence

43
Q

Morphological divergence

A

Pattern of macro evolution. One or more body parts of genetically diverging lineages undergo structural and functional changes from the parts in the common ancestor

44
Q

Morphological convergence

A

A pattern of macro evolution. In response to similar experimental pressures, body parts evolutionarily distant lineages slowly Evolve in similar ways and end up being a like function, appearance, or both

45
Q

Analgous structures

A

Dissimilar body parts that have become similar in structure, function, or both in lineages that are not closely related but were subjected to similar pressures

46
Q

Alu elements

A

one of the most successful of all mobile elements, having a copy number well in excess of 1 million copies in the human genome

47
Q

Nucleic acid hybridization

A

Any base pairing between DNA or RNA strands from different sources

48
Q

Molecular clock

A

Model used to calculate the time of origin of one lineage related to others; assumes that a group of genes accumulates mutations at a constant rate, measurable as a series of predictable text back through time

49
Q

Thermophile

A

An organism that thrives at relatively high temperatures, between 41 and 122 °C

Biology Vocab (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions