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Operation Graduate! > Flash Cards > Flashcards

Flash Cards

1
Q

tripartite model

A

multicultural
1. awareness (values/bias)
2. knowledge (client’s worldview)
3. skills (cultural intervention)

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2
Q

emic

A

use counseling approaches specific to clients culture

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3
Q

etic

A

view clients from universal perspective

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4
Q

culture

A

how a group or individuals in a group organize how they think, act, and feel

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5
Q

cultural encapsulation

A

dominant cultural view only
disregard individual culture

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6
Q

multicultural counseling

A

integrating cultural identity in counseling process

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7
Q

cultural identity

A

identity in cultural group

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8
Q

high context communication

A

nonverbal cues create social harmony

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9
Q

low context communication

A

verbally expressing thoughts and feelings

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10
Q

paralanguage

A

verbal cues
volume
tempo
pitch
tone

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11
Q

kinesics

A

posture, body movements, positions
ex: facial expressions, eye contact, gazes, and touch

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12
Q

proxemics

A

personal physical distance

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13
Q

acculturation

A

making sense of a different culture’s value system in relation to your own

add new culture to my culture

ex: in laws, minority group adopting dominant culture

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14
Q

assimilation model

A

individual from minority culture adapting dominant cultures values and customs

given up culture to fit majority culture (similar)

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15
Q

separation model

A

individual from minority culture refuses to adapt to cultural values outside their own culture

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16
Q

integration model / biculturalism

A

individual identifies with own culture and host culture

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17
Q

marginalization model

A

individual rejects cultural values and customs from their own culture and host culture

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18
Q

worldview

A

individuals’ conceptualization of their relationship with the world

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19
Q

locus of responsibility

A

what system is accountable for things that happen to individuals

internal: success or failure is individuals own doing

external: external system is responsible for what happens to the individual

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20
Q

locus of control

A

degree of control individuals perceive they have over their environment

internal: consequences are dependent on individual’s actions

external: consequences result by chance

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21
Q

race

A

groups of people identified by physical characteristics

three: white, black, asian

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22
Q

ethnicity

A

identification with a group
national, religious, linguistic, can be cultural attributes

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23
Q

ethnic identity

A

individuals from same ethnic group having different ties to the groupe

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24
Q

ethnocentrism

A

cultural group’s belief that it is superior to other cultures

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25
Q

androgyny

A

meshing of both masculine and feminine properties

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26
Q

gender schema theory

A

why a person places genders into certain categories

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27
Q

disability

A

mental or physical challenge limiting a person’s ability to function in daily living

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28
Q

ableism

A

discrimination of one who is disabled is limited in the extent of what they can do and undervalue their abilities

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29
Q

rehabilitation act of 1973

A

prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities in federally sponsored or federal programs

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30
Q

americans with disabilities act (ADA) of 1990

A

prohibits discrimination of persons with disabilities in employment, public services, telecommunications, and accommodations

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31
Q

individuals with disabilities education improvement act (IDEA) of 2004

A

provision of nondiscriminatory education for children with disabilities in the least restrictive environment

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32
Q

primary oppression

A

obvious acts by both force and deprivation

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33
Q

secondary oppression

A

oppressive acts in which individuals do not get directly involved by may benefit

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34
Q

tertiary oppression

A

minority group members adopt majority opinion to fit in (internalizing low self worth and importance)

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35
Q

prejudice

A

making assumptions about an individual

feelings - not illegal

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36
Q

discrimination

A

illegal

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37
Q

racism

A

belief that a group of people are inferior to one’s own group due to differences

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38
Q

covert

A

not obvious

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39
Q

overt

A

obvious

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40
Q

racial identity

A

orientation to racial group

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41
Q

racial interaction theory

A

how Caucasians and people of color interact and if it is adaptive or maladaptive

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42
Q

gender identitiy

A

gender role expression associated with their perceived gender

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43
Q

gerontological counseling

A

counseling tailored for people 65 years of age or older

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44
Q

crisis intervention

A

assess functioning
build rapport - quickly
identify problems
provide counseling
examine alternatives
make plans
obtain commitment

(albert roberts - 7 stage model)

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45
Q

motivational interviewing FRAMES

A

feedback
responsibility
advice
menu
empathy
self efficacy

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46
Q

motivational interviewing OARES

A

open ended questions
affirm
reflective listening
elicit self motivational statements
summarize

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47
Q

social identity theory

A

understand discrimination between groups

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48
Q

social influence model

A

stanley strong

credibility
interpersonal attractiveness

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49
Q

sociomety

A

how people relate to one another

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50
Q

person centered therapy

A

carl rogers
client is expert
genuine
empathy
congruence - words match actions
respect

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51
Q

restatement

A

clarification

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52
Q

reflections

A

what the counselor hear in their words with feelings

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53
Q

paraphrasing

A

repeat what was said with empathetic response

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54
Q

summarizing

A

reiteration of the major points of discussion

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55
Q

confrontation

A

identify discrepancies

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56
Q

structuring

A

set goals
agree on plan for counseling
make effective use of time
respect boundaries

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57
Q

motivation for counseling

A

self disclosure

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58
Q

coping skills

A

manage stressful situations
solve problems
handle uncertainty
develop resilience

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59
Q

cultural awareness

A

salad bowl
every culture is difference

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60
Q

universality

A

treat everyone through same cultural lens

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61
Q

relationship building phases

A
  1. initiation - introduction
  2. clarification - defines problem
  3. structure - goals, treatment plan
  4. relationship - work toward mutually agreed goals
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62
Q

positive interaction stages

A
  1. exploration of feelings -
  2. consolidation - gain coping skills
  3. planning - use techniques
  4. termination
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63
Q

transference

A

freud thought bad - originally
use in session - now
extra feeling in the counseling session
client transfers to counselor

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64
Q

countertransference

A

counselor transfers to client

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65
Q

attending

A

full attention on client
eye contact
body language

66
Q

resistance

A

want change but terrified
oppositional
avoid anxiety with change
watch for cultural issues*

67
Q

errors

A

use reflection and clarification to correct any errors

68
Q

substantive advice

A

counselor imposing their opinion
ex: telling CL to practice deep breathing

69
Q

process advice

A

empowering
help CLs navigate their own issues
ex: teaching CL how relaxation lessens anxiety

70
Q

Crisis Period Phases

A
  1. event or threat
  2. escalation
  3. acute crisis
  4. climax of crisis

(gerald caplan)

71
Q

CISD Critical Incident Stress Debriefing

A

short term
small groups
secondary trauma victims
24-72 hours

72
Q

grief

A

denial
anger
bargaining
depression
acceptance

(kubler ross)
not linear

73
Q

appropriate touch

A

understand culture
therapeutically beneficial

74
Q

sublimation

A

subliminal - hidden
desires/thoughts that don’t fit in with society
ex: woman who argues, she becomes a lawyer

protect ego

75
Q

rationalization

A

rationalize - justify

protect ego

76
Q

reaction formation

A

opposite
reaction is opposite to what is felt
ex: laughing when sad

protect ego

77
Q

regression

A

revert to earlier stage

protect ego

78
Q

identification

A

over identify with parts of self
ex: only uses title not name

protect ego

79
Q

projection

A

projector
placing my thoughts onto others
lack of boundaries between self and world
inside out
ex: mom who hates self, projects onto daughter hate because daughter must hate her too

protect ego

80
Q

introjection

A

taking in what I think some one thinks about me
they must be thinking this about me so it must be true
outside in

protect ego

81
Q

idealization

A

someone famous or better must be better than me

protect ego

82
Q

devaluation

A

devalue self
ex: I am not that good

protect ego

83
Q

ego-splitting

A

borderline personality
no in between
all good or all bad

protect ego

84
Q

ego syntonic

A

in sync with ego (self)
personality disorders
anorexia

85
Q

ego dystonic

A

not in sync with ego (self)

86
Q

dissociation

A

normal reaction to trauma
can result in multiple personalities DID
protect body and mind

protect ego

87
Q

compartmentalization

A

men
separate
place things in a box

protect ego

88
Q

intellectualization

A

not feeling feelings but analyzing thoughts
logical

protect ego

89
Q

displacement

A

transferring negative emotions to an unrelated person or thing

protect ego

90
Q

piaget

A

cognitive development - how I learn

sensorimotor - 0-2yo, 5 senses, object permanence
preoperational - 2-7yo, magic thinking, all about me
concrete - 7-11yo, literal/logical, conservation (cup)
formal - 12+, abstract, deductive reasoning

91
Q

accommodation

A

change my schema to fit new info
(piaget)

92
Q

assimilation

A

fit environment into my schema
(piaget)

93
Q

schema

A

process of learning
(piaget)

94
Q

mahler

A

object relations
need 1 person for attachment

autistic/fusion - just there (1-2mo)
symbiotic - need person to live
separation/individuation - separate person
-differentiation
-practicing period - walking
-rapprochement - exploring w/in eyesight
object constancy - someone will always be there

develop personality disorder if not attached

95
Q

erickson

A

psychosocial development
childhood - adulthood

trust vs mistrust (0-2yo)
autonomy vs shame/doubt (2-3yo) potty training
initiative vs guilt (3-6yo) preschool
industry vs inferiority (6-12yo) what good at
identity vs diffusion (12-20yo) peer relationships
intimacy vs isolation (20-40yo)
generativity vs stagnation (40-65) parent, community
integrity vs despair (65+) live with purpose

96
Q

kohlberg

A

moral development

level 1: preconventional (0-6yo)
1. avoid punishment
2. rewarded
level 2: conventional (7-11yo)
3. good person (conformity)
4. avoid punishment (law&order)
level 3: postconventional (11+)
5. individual rights, community
6. morality, conscious

97
Q

freud

A

psychodynamic/psychoanalytic
bring unconscious to conscious
counselor expert

free association

id - devil, pleasure principle, instinctual
ego - balance, reality
superego - angel, ideal, morality

oral - mouth, eating, smoking
anal - obsessive, stubborn
phallic - electra(girls)/oedipus(boys)
latency - no sexual
genital - intercourse

98
Q

anna o.

A

case study for freud

99
Q

incomplete sentence test

A

subjective/projective
(freud)

100
Q

TAT

A

black/white photo test (subjective/projective)
(freud)

101
Q

strong interest inventory

A

holland

101
Q

rorschach

A

inkblot test (subjective/projective)
(freud)

102
Q

rogers

A

humanistic
rogerian
client centered
person centered
client is expert

genuine
unconditional positive regard
congruence
empathy
self actualization (maslow)

no diagnose
client set goals
counselor support CL to be full-functioning person

103
Q

titchener

A

first to use empathy

104
Q

therapeutic relationship building phases

A
  1. initiation
  2. clarification
  3. structure
  4. relationship
105
Q

positive interaction phases

A
  1. explore feelings (define problem)
  2. consolidation (integration)
  3. planning (employing)
  4. termination
106
Q

halo effect

A

attractive people are more socially desirable

107
Q

holland

A

RIASEC
realistic-hands on
investigative-systematic
artistic-imaginative
social-helping others
enterprising-leadership
conventional-practical

personal interest
consistency - adjacent pairs alike
differentiation - highs&lows
congruence - type&environment same

108
Q

career assessment inventory

A

holland

109
Q

vocational preference inventory

A

holland

110
Q

myers briggs

A

carl jung
16 personality types
personality inventory

111
Q

donald super

A

lifespan/lifespace career theory
developmental trait-factor
recycling

life roles:
child, student, leisurite, citizen, worker, parent, spouse, homemaker

stages:
growth (0-14)
exploration (14-25)
establishment (25-45)
maintenance (45-65)
disengagement (65+)

112
Q

savickas

A

career construction theory
narrative approach

life design-construct career by opposing meaning

113
Q

ann roe

A

8 fields and 6 levels
based on childhood, maslow

114
Q

ginzberg, et. al

A

long term process
choice

fantasy (0-11)
tentative (11-17)
realistic (17-20ish)

115
Q

gottfredson

A

circumscription and compromise
development

circumscribe-narrow down
compromise-opt out

  1. size and power (3-5)
  2. sex roles (6-8)
  3. social valuation (9-13)
  4. unique self (14+)
116
Q

krumboltz

A

social learning

genetic endowments
special abilities
environmental conditions
learning experiences
task approach skills

planned happenstance

117
Q

career beliefs inventory

A

krumboltz
identify mental barriers

118
Q

hoppock

A

needs based theorist

address role of needs in choosing, changing, and being satisfied in career

119
Q

tiedeman

A

career developed with resolved ego relevant crises

anticipation/preoccupation-working to get job

implementation/adjustment-keep the job

120
Q

cognitive information processing

A

CASVE

communication
analysis
synthesis
valuing
execution

121
Q

bandura

A

social learning theory
bobo doll

self efficacy - I can do it
-personal performance
-vicarious learning
-social persuasion
-physiological states

122
Q

constructivist

A

individuals construct their own reality or truth

123
Q

contextualism

A

career develops between individual and environment

124
Q

hb gelatt

A

decision making process
positive uncertainty-be positive it won’t work out

125
Q

trait & factor approach

A

actuarial/matching
developed by frank parsons

trait - individual
factor - occupations

match person with occupation

126
Q

choosing a vocation (book)

A

frank parsons

127
Q

eg williamson

A

trait and factor approach

analysis
synthesis
diagnosis
prognosis
counseling
follow-up

128
Q

crites

A

comprehensive model

diagnosis by:
differential-what problems
dynamic-why occurred
decisional-how dealt with

after diagnosis:
client centered
developmental
psychodynamic techniques
trait and factor
behavioral approaches

vocational maturity-continuous development

129
Q

career maturity inventory

A

crites

130
Q

undecided

A

need more info

131
Q

indecisive

A

problem making a decision

132
Q

job

A

one person
one position
doing a set of tasks

133
Q

occupation

A

definable work activity in many locations

134
Q

career

A

education, training, experience associated with occupation

135
Q

lifestyle

A

orientation and preference in regard to career

136
Q

portfolio career

A

more than one line of work at the same time

137
Q

encore career

A

retired and returning to work

138
Q

trauma career counseling

A

transparent
trust
permission
here and now

139
Q

career counseling process

A

relationship
identification
assessment
information
decision making
implementation
follow-up

140
Q

diversity

A

gender, socioeconomic status, age, spirituality, ethnicity, disability, sexual orientation

141
Q

o’net ability profiler

A

aptitude

142
Q

armed services vocational aptitude test
ASVAB

A

aptitude

143
Q

differential aptitude test
DAT

A

aptitude

144
Q

iowa tests of basic skills
ITBS

A

achievement

145
Q

scholastic assessment test
SAT

A

achievement

146
Q

american college test
ACT

A

achievement

147
Q

graduate record examination
GRE

A

acheivement

148
Q

strong interest inventory
SII

A

interest

149
Q

self directed search
SDS

A

interest

150
Q

kuder career search planning system

A

interest

151
Q

o’net interest profiler

A

interest

152
Q

copsystem 3c

A

interest

measures interests, abilities, and values

153
Q

campbell interest and skill survey

A

interest

154
Q

o’net work importance profiler

A

values

155
Q

supers work value inventory

A

values

156
Q

minnesota importance questionaire

A

values

157
Q

world of work map

A

organizing occupations
incorporates holland codes
developed by ACT
44 career areas

158
Q

computer guidance systems

A

SIGI3: system of interactive guidance and information

DISCOVER

Magellan7: HS, middle school, special needs

CHOICES
Focus2

159
Q

career education

A

awareness (elementary)
exploration (middle/junior high)
orientation (HS)
preparation (HS)

160
Q

gig economy

A

seasonal or contract workers

Operation Graduate! (3 decks)

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