Flash Cards

Question 1

Acromegaly

Answer 1

Abnormal growth of hands and feet

Question 2

t4 normal value

Answer 2

0.8-2.7

Question 3

t3 normal value

Answer 3

1.08-3.14

Question 4

TSH

Answer 4

0.4-4.2

Question 5

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 5

over secretion of t3 t4 and increased metabolic rate. (low TSH)

Question 6

Hypothyroidism

Answer 6

decreased secretion of t3 (triiodothyronine) and t4 (thyroxine)

increased TSH

Question 7

T3 and t4 affect

Answer 7

metabolic rate oxygen consumption carbs and fat metabolism

growth and development

brain function and nervous system activities such as heart rate and temperature control

Question 8

Why is calcitonin released?

Answer 8

in response to high calcium levels in the blood

Question 9

What does phosphorus like to bind with?

Answer 9

Calcium

Question 10

The primary function of the pineal gland

Answer 10

Secrete melatonin

Question 11

What is required for the synthesis of t3 and t4?

Answer 11

Iodine

Question 12

What regulates calcium balance?

Answer 12

Calcitonin and PTH

Question 13

What hormones does the posterior pituitary release?

Answer 13

ADH and oxytocin

Question 14

What is used to find a pituitary tumor?

Answer 14

CT scan

Question 15

What should I know about calcium in regards to the thyroid?

Answer 15

Calcium is either deposited with phosphorus in the bone or calcitonin stimulates increased renal excretion of calcium and phosphorus.

Remember that phosphorus likes to bind with calcium. Most foods that are high in calcium are also high in phosphorus

Question 16

What is used to test for Grave’s disease?

Answer 16

Thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAb)

or

plus normal or low TSH with high T3 T4

Question 17

TSH normal or high

Answer 17

Primary hypothyroid/congenital

Question 18

TSH Low

Answer 18

Secondary hypothyroid

Question 19

What med is always used for low TSH?

Answer 19

Synthroid

Question 20

What is required for a Thyroid scan?

Answer 20

• Radio-tagged iodine is administered prior to the scan.
• Patients must be NPO for the test.
• Medications containing iodine or radiographic contrast agents in the last 3 months can invalidate results.

Question 21

What is Hashimoto’s?

Answer 21

When your immune system attacks your thyroid

Question 22

Symptoms of Hypothyroidism

Answer 22

• decreased metabolism rate
• lethargy fatigue
• muscle weakness
• intolerance to cold
• weight gain
• dry thick skin and hair
• bradycardia
• constipation
• generalized edema around eyes and face (myxedema)
• poor memory
• menstrual disturbances
• goiter may or may not be present.

Question 23

Treatment for hypothyroidism

Answer 23

• thyroid replacement (T4)–synthroid
• Low-cal, low cholesterol, low-fat diet for weight gain
• increase fluids and fiber for constipation.
• cautious use of sedatives and opioids with untreated hypothyroidism as patients may be increased sensitivity.

Question 24

A side effect of Synthroid

Answer 24

take on an empty stomach one hour prior to meals.

Question 25

Symptoms of hyperthyroidism

Answer 25

• heat intolerance
• thyroid goiter
• heart palpitations or arrhythmias, tachycardia
• protruding eyeballs (exophthalmos)
• hypertension
• sweating
• weight loss
• diarrhea
• smooth soft skin
• Chest pain
• nervousness irritability agitation mood swings.

Question 26

Non-pharmacologic treatment for hyperthyroidism

Answer 26

rest and limit stimulation

high-calorie diet

avoid stimulants (i.e coffee)

Question 27

Pharmacologic treatment of hyperthyroidism

Answer 27

Propanolol for tachycardia-has immediate effect

PTU & Methimazole- which blocks synthesis of thyroid

• Monitor LFTs with PTU*
• Both take a couple months to see effect*

Question 28

What may inhibit thyroid hormone?

Answer 28

iodide preparations (lugol’s solution)