Flash Cards
Painful Skin condition from the reactivations of the chicken pox virus also known as - Varicella zoster virus
Herpes Zoster
Cancerous tumor of the melanin forming cells of the skin: changes in the appearance of a mole may indicate melanoma
Malignant Melanoma
Any horny growth such as wart or callosity
Keratosis
Lipoma: a fatty mass retained within the sebaceous gland: Sebaceous cyst
Steatoma
Pink or Flesh- colored pre cancerous lesions that feel sharp or rough: results from sun damage
Actinic keratosis
A discolored flat spot that is less than 1cm in diameter such as a freckle
Macule
An elevated solid mass, deeper and firmer than papule 1-2 cm
Nodule
Irregularly shaped, elevated area or superficial localized edema, varies in size (Hive, mosquito bite)
Wheal
Excessive hair growth on the face, chest, underarms and groin especially in females
Hirsutism
The brief transition period between the growth and resting phases of a hair follicle
Catagen
Long hairs found on the scalp as well as on the legs, arms and body of both males and females
Terminal Hair
Inner most layer of hair & is often called pith or care of the hair
Medulla
Middle layer of hair, protein formed elongated cells containing melanin pigment
Cortex
Outer most layer of hair
Cuticle
A deep loss of skin surface that may extend into the dermis that may cause periodic bleeding and formation of scars in various sizes
Ulcer
A malignant new growth made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate surrounding tissues and give a rise to mitosis
Carcinoma
Excessive growth of terminal hairs in the areas of the body that normally grow vellus hair
Hypertrichosis
Tissues that covers and protects parts of the body
Epithelial Tissue
A body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all of it’s parts
Connective Tissue
Tissue that transmits signals in the body in response to changes in the environment
Nerve Tissue
Tissue composed of fibers that can contract, causing movement of an organ or part of the body
Muscular Tissue
This protects your brain and connection to the spinal cord
Skull
This protects the heart and the lungs and supports breathing
rib cage
pumps blood
heart
a pair of large, spongy organs optimized for gas exchange between our blood and air
lungs
These remove waste from the blood and transfer them into urine
Kidneys
nutrients are absorbed from the food and go into the blood here
Small Intestine
This absorbs water from food, stores waste, and eventually eliminates waste from the body
Large Intestine
helps to move the body, helps blood circulate, helps food move through digestive system
Muscular System
helps control and coordinate body, responds to stimuli inside and outside of body, control the senses
Nervous System
The body’s largest organ, acts as a barrier to protect body systems from outside elements, eliminates perspirations
Skin
Supports the excretory system by removing toxic waste products of digestion
Liver
Protection, Secretion, Excretion, Absorption, Regulation & Sensation
6 functions of the skin
Located below the dermis layer and composed primarily of fatty tissue
Subcantaneous layer
The intercellular connections that tightly interconnect keratinocytes
Desmosomes
the study of skin’s functions
skin physiology
microscopic study of the skin’s tissues
skin histology
the skin and it’s layers
integumentary system
the study of skin, it’s structures, functions, diseases and treatments
dermatology
secretes sebum to keep skin soft,supple and pliable,creates acid mantle which regulates skin’s ph
secretion
complex mixture of fatty substances that keeps the skin soft, supple and pliable
sebum
finger nails or hair
hard keratin
soft keratin
skin
first layer of the epidermis
stratum corneum
toughest layer of the epidermis, composed of keratinocytes, holds moisture barrier
stratum corneum
protects layers below stratum corneum and acts as a barrier to prevent moisture loss
squamous cells
second layer of the epidermis
stratum lucidum
thickest layer of the epidermis of the palms and soles, forms epidermal ridges/ whorts to provide friction
stratum lucidum
third layer of the epidermis
Stratum granulosum
3rd layer of the epidermis, cells are more regularly shaped, replaces cells in stratum corneum, contains keratohyalin, all cells are dead, protection starts here
stratum granulosum
cells continue to divide and change shape here, and enzymes are creating lipids and proteins
Stratum Spinosum
Found in the stratum spinosum- immune cells, which protect the body from infections by identifying foreign material (Antigens)
Langerhans
coiled structures attached to hair follicles found in the underarm and genital areas that secrete sweat
apocrine glands
Sweat glands found all over the body with openings on the skin’s surface through pores: not attached to hair follicles, secretions do not produce offensive odor
Eccrine glands
Protein fiber found in the dermis: gives the skin it’s elasticity and firmness
Elastin
Cells that produce skin pigment granules in the basal layer
Melanocytes
Deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients
Reticular Layer
Stratum Basale
Layer of the epidermis above the papillary layer of the dermis: cell mitosis takes place here that produces new epidermal skin cells and is responsible for growth
Stratum Spinosum
Also known as the spiny layer: layer of the epidermis above stratum germinativum , layer containing desmosomes, the intercellular connections made of proteins
The deeper layer of the dermis, mainly composed of collagen and elastin
Reticular layer
The fibrous protein that gives skin it’s strength
Collagen
The muscle that is involuntary, creates minute bumps on the skin surface and causes the hair to stand on end
Arrector Pilli
The thin protective mixture of oil and sweat that covers the skin is the
acid mantle
Found in the stratum corneum, these waxy lipid molecules act as a barrier function
Ceramides
General term for abnormal damage or a change in the tissues of the skin is a:
Lesion
A blister filled with watery substance and bigger than a vesicle
Bulla
Freckle is a
Macule
Often Characteristic of an insect bit, they tend to be itchy and though they disappear slowly they don’t last long
Wheal
Medical term for wart
verruca
Hard Bengin growths that form from excessive scar tissue growth
Keloids
Cicatrix is another term for
scar
White epidermal cysts of sebum, that are mistakenly called whiteheads are
Millia
Another term for boil
Furuncle
Disorder of the sudoriferous gland, where there is a lack of perspiration
Anhidrosis
Medical term for birthmark
Nevus
The loss of skin color, resulting in light patches
Hypopigmentation
An increase skin’s pigmentation causing it to have darker spots or patches than normal color
Hyperpigmentation
The nerves that carry impulses from the brain to the arrector pili muscles are
Motor nerves
What does a volt measure?
the pressure or force of an electric current
An allergy test may also be called
A predisposition test
Which of the following is true regarding saponification
It is a chemical reaction that transforms sebum into soap
The largest bone of the fourteen facial bone is
Mandible Bone
secondary lesions always develop
in the later stages of disease
When removing hair by electrolysis using the galvanic method, you are
doing a chemical process
A _______ is a device that controls or regulates the strength of the current used
Rheostat
Current will not flow through a conductor unless the force is stronger than
the ohms
Connects dermis to epidermis, forms epidermal-dermal junction. Touch receptors, blood vessels, & capillaries located here. Dermal papillae = membranes of ridges & grooves that attach to epidermis
Papillary Layer
when atoms are held together by sharing electrons
covalent bond
A fungal infection affecting the trunk, legs, or arms
tinea corporis
The solid or dissolved part of a solution
solute
UV absorber/blocker
Sunscreen
how wrinkles appear & the presence of photoaging
The Glogau scale
This skin typing system looks into the ancestry of the client in combination with his or her Fitzpatrick skin type
The Lancer System
The process of extracting essential oils, steam percolates through plant material, pulls off volatile oils, which are then condensed
Distillation
Electrolysis works with____________
Sterilized needles, lancets and tweezers
Supplies blood to the skin and muscles of the head
external carotid artery
Touch receptors/sensory cells that are only found on thick skin(no hair) in the stratum germinativum
Merkel Cells
Very common skin type; fair; eye and hair color vary
Type 3
The pressing of a plant material to extract the essential oil; this process uses no heat but only works with citrus oils when essential oil is located in easily ruptured sacs
Expression
The outer surface of a cell
Cell Membrane
