Flame & Solution Tests

Question 1

Describe how to carry out a flame test.

Answer 1

• dip nichrome wire into HCl to clean it
• then place it into the solid compound
• then place it into a blue bunsen burner
• observe colour

Question 2

Name the test for Li+ and state the observation.

Answer 2

Flame Test: Bright Red

Question 3

Name the test for Na+ and state the observation.

Answer 3

Flame Test: Golden Yellow

Question 4

Name the test for K+ and state the observation.

Answer 4

Flame Test: Lilac

Question 5

Name the 2 tests for Ca 2+ and state the observation.

Answer 5

Flame Test: Brick Red
OR
Solution Test (Cations): White Precipitate - partially soluble in excess

Question 6

Describe how to carry out a solution test for cations.

Answer 6

Add sodium hydroxide

Question 7

Name the test for NH4 + and state the observation.

Answer 7

Solution Test (Cations): when heated, gas produced turns damp red litmus paper blue

Question 8

Name the test for Fe 2+ and state the observation.

Answer 8

Solution Test (Cations): green precipitate, turns brown on standing

Question 9

Name the test for Fe 3+ and state the observation.

Answer 9

Solution Test (Cations): Brown Precipitate

Question 10

Name the test for Cu 2+ and state the observation.

Answer 10

Solution Test (Cations): Blue Precipitate

Question 11

Name the test for Al 3+ and state the observation.

Answer 11

Solution Test (Cations): White Precipitate - insoluble in excess

Question 12

Name the test for Zn 2+ and state the observation

Answer 12

Solution Test (Cations): White Precipitate - dissolves in excess

Question 13

Describe how to carry out a solution test for Cl-, Br-, and I- anions.

Answer 13

• add dilute nitric acid
• then add silver nitrate
• observe colour of precipitate

Question 14

Name the test for Cl- and state the observation.

Answer 14

Silver Nitrate Solution Test: White Precipitate

Question 15

Name the test for Br- and state the observation.

Answer 15

Silver Nitrate Solution Test: Cream Precipitate

Question 16

Name the test for I- and state the observation.

Answer 16

Silver Nitrate Solution Test: Yellow Precipitate

Question 17

Describe the full test and observation for sulphate (SO4 2-)

Answer 17

Test: add dilute hydrochloric acid followed by barium chloride

Observation: White Precipitate

Question 18

Describe the full test and observation for carbonate (CO3 2-)

Answer 18

Test: add dilute hydrochloric acid and bubble gas produced through limewater

Observation: White Precipitate

Question 19

Test for carbon dioxide?

Answer 19

White precipitate forms when CO2 is bubbled through limewater.

Question 20

Test for chloride?

Answer 20

Chlorine bleaches damp litmus paper.

Question 21

Test for hydrogen?

Answer 21

Lit splint burns with a POP in hydrogen.

Question 22

Test for oxygen?

Answer 22

Oxygen relights a glowing splint.

Question 23

Test for Ammonia?

Answer 23

Ammonia turns damp litmus paper blue.