Flagged

Question 1

Apixaban
Rivaroxaban
Edoxaban

Answer 1

Factor Xa inhibitors

Question 2

Dabigatran

Answer 2

Direct thrombin inhibitor

Question 3

Aerodigestive injury hard signs

Answer 3

Airways obstruction/strider
Cerebral ischemia
Major hemoptysis/hematemesis
Decreased or absent radial pulse
Expanding, pulsatile hematoma
Fluid nonresponsive shock
Severe acute bleeding
Vascular bruit or thrill
Focal neurologic deficit

Patients should proceed directly to the operating room

Question 4

Aerodigestive injury soft signs

Answer 4

Chest tube air leak
Dysphagia or dysphonia
Dyspnea
Minor hematemesis/hemoptysis
Mediastinal emphysema
Non-expanding hematoma
Subcutaneous emphysema

If hemodynamically stable, can proceed with further diagnostic testing

Question 5

Zone I of neck

Answer 5

Clavicle to cricoid cartilage

highest morbidity and mortality

Question 6

Zone II of neck

Answer 6

Cricoid Cartilage to mandible

Best prognosis, most accessible

Question 7

Zone III of neck

Answer 7

Mandible to skull base

Question 8

Grey-Turner sign

Answer 8

Flank ecchymosis

Question 9

Retroperitoneal structures

Answer 9

Esophagus
Rectum (upper 2/3)
Pancreas(except tail)
Duodenum (except proximal segment)
Colon (except transverse)
Adrenal glands
Kidneys
Ureter
Aorta
Inferior vena cava

Question 10

Cullen sign

Answer 10

Umbilical ecchymosis

Question 11

Causitive agent of croup

Answer 11

Parainfluenza virus type 1

Question 12

Cyanide poisoning antidote

Answer 12

Standard:
amyl nitrite + sodium thiosulfate

Causes methemoglobinemia
Methemoglobin binds cyanide

Concomitant carbon monoxide:
Hydroxocobalamin

Binds cyanide to create cyanocobalamin

Question 13

Melanoma

Answer 13

Asymmetry
Border irregularity
Color variations
Diameter (>or= 6mm or 1/4 inch)
Evolution

Question 14

Most common cause of hyperviscosity syndrome

Answer 14

Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
Increased IgM

ALSO
Multiple myeloma
Increased IgG or IgA

Leukemias with blast transformation

Polycythemia vera

Question 15

Penile ulcers

Answer 15

Primary syphilis
painless, indurated ulcer

Granuloma inguinale (donovanosis)
Klebsiella granulomatis
Painless papule or beefy ulcer
Painless granulomas

Lymphogranuloma venereum
Chlamydia trachomatis
Painless ulcer
Painful lymphadenopathy

Chancroid
Haemophilus ducreyi
Painful papules
Painful bubo

Question 16

Toxic acetaminophen dose

Answer 16

150 mg/kg

Question 17

PJP (PCP) pneumonia

Answer 17

CD4 <200
LDH elevated

TMP-SMX
Prednisone if PaO2 <70 (93% RA)
OR
A-a gradient >35

Question 18

Sulfonylureas

Answer 18

Glyburide
Glipizide

Severe and prolonged hypoglycemia
Give dextrose and octreotide

Question 19

Anterior cord syndrome

Answer 19

Sensory loss:
pain and temperature

Sensation preserved:
vibration/proprioception

Motor weakness:
below level of court involvement

Mechanism: forced flexion

Question 20

Pemphigus vulgaris

Answer 20

40 - 60 years old
Flaccid bullae
Mucous membrane involvement
Nikolsky POSITIVE

IgG to keratinocytes in desmosomes

Steroids
Immune modulators

Question 21

Indication for hyperbaric oxygen and carbon monoxide poisoning

Answer 21

CO level greater than 25%
CO level greater than 15% (pregnant women)
Loss of consciousness
Severe metabolic acidosis (pH<7.1)
Concern for end-organ ischemia

Question 22

Jones Criteria

Answer 22

Carditis
Polyarthritis
Chorea
Subcutaneous nodules (non tender)
Erythema marginatum (face sparing rash)

Fever
Arthralgia
Elevated ESR
Prolonged PR interval

Strep infection +
2 major OR
1 major and 2 minor

Question 23

Compartment syndrome

Answer 23

Delta pressure
Diastolic pressure - direct pressure

<30 = compartment syndrome

ALT

Compartment pressure >20 ?