Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MBE Mine > FL Crim Pro and Juvy > Flashcards

FL Crim Pro and Juvy Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
MBE flashcards
1
Q

Arrest Warrant Exceptions

A

Don’t need an Arrest Warrant if: OR

  • Officer had probable cause to believe arrestee committed an offense specified by statute > child abuse or D.V.
  • Felony or misdeamnor is committed in officer’s presence
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Arrest Warrant P.C.

A
  • Ct reviews an affidavit from officer showing p.c.
  • P.C. Requires Officer Know:
    1. sufficient facts and circumstances (quantity)
    2. to warrant a reasonable belief that offense has been committed (reliability)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Arrest Warrant Contains

A

-Signed by Ct (can be electronic)
-state of FL in caption
-name of D if known and photo if available
-nature of offense
-date warrant issued
-county where issued
amount of bail

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Arrest Warrant General

A

-Don’t have to have warrant in possession during arrest but must show warrant asap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Search Warrant Timelines

A

Must be returned w/i 10 days after issuance. Cannot be execute at night or on Sunday unless ct permission.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Search Warrant

A
  • Signed by judge
  • Affidavit needs: p.c. there will be evidence, person or place to be searched, and prop. to be seized (with particularity)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

FL Stop and Frisk

A

Stop: need reasonable suspicion that person is about to commit, is committing, or has committed a crime AND
Frisk: reasonable suspicion to believe that the person temporarily detained is armed w/ a dangerous weapon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Circuit Ct Juris

A
  • Felonies
  • Midemeanors paired w/ felonies
  • juvy cases
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

County Ct Juris

A

Misdeamnors by themselves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

FL Sup. Ct. Appellate Juris

A
  • All final death penalty judgements
  • issues certified by district COA as being of “great importance”
  • District COA interpretations of const.L validity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

District COA Appellate Juris

A
  • Primarily appellate juris
  • final judgement from trial its
  • Interlocutory appeals (lower ct has made a decision that impact the case before trial starts)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Pretrial First Appearance

A

D MUST BE BROUGHT TO CT W/I 24 HOURS OF ARREST.

  • counsel appointed if indigent and possibility of jail time
  • Advised of: charges, miranda, right to counsel
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Pretrial Release and Detention: Capital Offense

A

If charged w/ capital or life offense + proof of guilt is evident or presumption is great = presumptively not entitled to pretrial release.
>D can establish release is appropriate and ct has discretion to grant pretrial release.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Factors for Pretrial Release

A 
Presumption of pretrial release on non-monetary conditions:
(Not Want Defendant to Commit More Crimes)
1. Nature and circumstances of crime
2. Weight of the evidence
3. Danger to the community
4. Community ties and employment
5. Mental state or substance abuse
6. Criminal history
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pretrial Detention Timelines

A 
-Bail can be modified w/ 3 hours notice
Granted if:
> P files motion at first appearance or 3 days after hearing
> violated conditions previously
> drug trafficking or DUI manslaughter
> already on probation when re-offending
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Preliminary Hearing Non-Adversarial

A

D is in custody and no arrest warrant was issued prior to arrest OR D is out but conditions are a significant restraint on liberty.
MUST OCCUR W/I 48 HOURS OF ARREST but can be extended by two 24 hour periods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Preliminary Hearing Adversarial

A

Held if D is not formally charged w/i 21 days of arrest.
>can call witnesses
>Ct determined if there is P.C. for the charges that justify confinement
>if D is released for lack of P.C. the case is not dismissed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In Custody Timeline

A

Charges must be filed w/i 30 days of arrest. D is released on own recognizance: OR

  • on 33rd day unless formal charges are filed
  • on 40th day if state can show good cause for delay
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Joinder and Consolidation

A

Can charge multiple offenses in same information/indictment if the charged offenses are based on the same acts of connected acts.
If state fails to consolidate, any additional charges may be dismissed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Severance

A

Motion to sever charges of Ds for a fair determination of the facts.
If statements are admissible for one D and not the other, the ct can:
-try case w/o stmt
-redact references to non-speaking D
-sever the Ds and try them separately

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

To Accept a Guilty Plea

A

D understands the plea and its significance; it is voluntary; AND there is a factual basis for the plea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Seeking the Death Penalty Timeline

A

P must file notice of this w/i 45 days of arraignment. Must include the agg factors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Pretrial Motions

A
  • Motion to Dismiss
  • Motion to Suppress Evidence
  • Motion to Take Deposition to Perpetuate Testimony
  • Demand for Speedy Trial
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Motion to Dismiss (Pretrial Motion)

A

Generally must be filed at or before arraignment.
Exception (can be filed anytime):
-double jeopardy
-no disputed facts and thus no prima facie case

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Prima Facie Def.

A

A case is prima facie if a reasonable juror could conclude that D committed a chawed offense. Same std is applied at end of Ps case

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Motion to Suppress Evidence (Pretrial Motion)

A

Based on alleged violation of the Const. (4th and 5th As).

May only be filed before trial unless good cause is shown for raising the issue during trial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Motion to Take Deposition to Perpetuate Testimony for Trial (Pretrial Motion)

A

Allows recording of a depo when the witness may not be able to attend a trial or hearing. Consists of direct and cross exam.
MUST BE FILED AT LEAST 10 DAYS BEFORE TRIAL.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Change of Venue Motion (Pretrial Motion)

A

Tried in the county where the offense was committed. MUST BE FILED AT LEAST 10 DAYS BEFORE TRIAL unless good cause shown. Motion must argue that a fair and impartial trial cannot be had in that county.
Needs:
-to be in writing
-affidavit of movant (usually D) + 2 or more people setting forth the facts
-certificate by movants counsel that its made in good faith

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Speedy Trial Timelines

A

After Demand for Speedy Trial is filed:
-hearing w/i 5 days (calendar call)
-set trial for b/w 5 and 45 days after calendar call
-total days = 50
>Demand asserts that D will be available for trial w/i 5 days. Generally can’t be given a continuance or withdrawn w/o P and ct permission

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Absence of Speedy Trial Demand

A

Misdeamnors: 90 days
Felonies: 175 days
If both: apply felony timeline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Expiration of Speedy Trial

A

If not tried w/i proper time (depending on if a demand was filed) then D files a “Notice of Expiration of Speedy Trial Time”.
If D is outside of FLs juris, speedy trial starts running hen D returns to juris AND written notice of return is filed with ct and served on P

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

After Filing a Notice of Expiration of Speedy Trial Time

A

Ct must hold a hearing w/i 5 days to determine if P has good faith and valid excuse for delay.
-No valid excuse:
>trial must commence w/i 10 days
>if not trial then case is dismissed WITH PREJUDICE
-Valid excuse:
>delay is b/c of D, co-D, or D’s counsel
>an extension of time has been granted and has not expired
If there is an excuse then trial must commence w/i 90 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Extensions to Speedy Trial Deadline

A

Can be extended as long as it hasn’t expired:

  • stipulation by the parties
  • order of the court after good cause is shown by the accused
  • order of the court to allow for competency hearing, evidence testing, etc.
  • order of the court after exceptional circumstances shown by either party
34
Q

Exceptional Circumstances for Speedy Trial

A

-Unexpected illness or incapacity that causes the absence of a person who is uniquely necessary
-unanticipated development that materially affects the trial
-delay is necessary to accommodate co-D
-State shows:
>case is too unusual and complex and need more time
>specific evidence is not available yet despite diligent efforts to secure it
>accused has cause major delay or disruption

35
Q

Not Exceptions Circumstances for Speedy Trial

A
  • congested docket
  • lack of diligent prep
  • failure to obtain available witness
  • circumstance that could be avoided or foreseen
36
Q

Defenses: Albi Timeline

A

Assertion that D can establish he was somewhere else at the time of the offense.
Must file notice w/ witness list at least 10 day before trial.
State must provide rebuttal witnesses at least 5 days before trial

37
Q

Competency

A

D must understand:

  1. the nature of the proceedings AND
  2. be able to assistantships her attny in her own defense
    - Judged at the time of trial
    - Hearing must be set w/i 20 days
    - D must be evaluated by at least 2 experts unless stip-d to less
38
Q

Bringing D into Competency

A
  • Ct can order D to undergo treatment
  • review D every 6 months
  • Case is dismissed if D is not rendered competent after 5 years for felony and 1 year for misdeamnor
39
Q

Insanity

A

Different than incompetence b/c:

  1. measured at the time of the offense and not at time of trial
  2. M’Naughten Rule: don’t know what they did was wrong
  3. it’s an affirmative defense rather than a delay or dismissal
40
Q

Pleading Insanity Timeline

A

D must file written notice w/i 15 days of arraignment but can be extended for good cause

41
Q

Found Not Guilty by Reason of Insanity

A

-May be committed to DCF for treatment
>Ct will review status no later than 6 months after admission
-may order outpatient treatment
-may discharge D

42
Q

Pleading Mental Health Defense or Mitigations

A

Argue that mental illness prevented the requisite mens rea or otherwise mitigated the offense.
Must give notice of defense no later than 30 days prior to trial.
Notice must contain:
-stmt about nature of defense
-if expert testimony will be presented and when expert examined D
-names and addresses of witnesses to prove defense

43
Q

Discovery

A

D files a notice of disc. P must disclose what is requested w/i 15 days of request.
Must disclose: DEWEGED
1. D stmts and tangible objects belonging to D
2. Electronic surveillance
3. Witness stmts and info
4. Expert’s names and reports or stmts
5. Grand Jury minutes
6. Exculpatory info including about confidential informants
7. DNA Evidence

44
Q

D’s Discovery Obligations

A

W/i 15 days of receiving Ps discovery.

Must turn over witness names and any reports or stmts being used at trial.

45
Q

Depos

A

Can be taken in felony cases but not in misdeamnor or traffic cases w/o showing good cause. Ministerial witnesses cannot be deposed

46
Q

Jury

A
  • D is entitled to a jury if facing more than 6 months in jail. D can waive this right but one w/ consent of P. P can refuse to let a D waive the right and D will have a jury trial.
  • Non-Capital case: 6 jurors
  • Capital cases: 12 jurors
  • D can request a list of prospective jurors and their info and completed questionnaires
  • can be discharged for cause (statutory) or peremptory challenges (discretionary)
47
Q

Jury Challenges for Cause

A

Unlimited in number. P or D can challenge entire panel by saying they weren’t selected legally. Saying juror is not qualified by reason identified in a statute.
Can challenge juror for bias or inability to be impartial, but judge can “rehab” juror by saying he will follow judge’s instructions (including views on capital punishment).

48
Q

Jury Peremptory Challenges

A

-Limited in number. Do not need to give a reason for challenge but cannot be made for race or sex.
-Each party and each indiv. D gets:
>10 challenges in capital cases
>6 challenges in felonies
>3 challenges in misdeamnors
-1 additional challenge for each alt. juror

49
Q

Jury Misc.

A
  • Capital case juries must be sequestered
  • juries can submit questions in writing to witnesses
  • may be allowed to visit and view relevant location
  • verdicts must unanimous
  • cannot replace w/ alternates once deliberation starts
  • once jury has been discharged or verdict read, a motion to poll cannot be entertained
50
Q

Jury Instructions

A

Given both orally and in writing but do not include the penalty for felonies unless capital case.
Can bring into the room:
-copy of charges
-copy of verdict
-all things received into evidence EXCEPT
>depos > copies of docs/records if it should stay w/ custodian

51
Q

Post Trial Motions

A
  • Motion for a New Trial

- Motion for Arrest of Judgment

52
Q

Motion for a New Trial (Posttrial Motion)

A

Non-capital case: filed w/i 10 days of the verdict
Capital Case: motion must be filed 10 days after final judgment of conviction AND sentencing
-Grounds: oral or written request: MUST (OR)
+Regardless of Prejudice: > verdict was decided by lot > contrary to law/weight of evidence > new and material evidence that could have altered the verdict.
+D was Prejudiced: > D’s substantial rights were prejudiced AND Pretty Ugly Stuff Got In My Trial: OR
1. d not PRESENT at material proceeding
2. jury received UNAUTHORIZED evidence outside of court
3. jurors were SEPARATED after retiring to deliberate
4. juror or p GUILTY of misconduct
5. ct gave erroneous jury INSTRUCTION
6. ct made a MISTAKE of law
7. d did not get a fair and impartial TRIAL and it wasn’t their fault

53
Q

Remedies for Motion for New Trial

A

Include:

  • new trial on all charges
  • new trial on some charges
  • sentencing on lesser included offense (cannot be tried on an offense higher than original charge)
54
Q

Motion for Arrest of Judgement (Posttrial Motion)

A

Ask judge to arrest judgement for legal insufficiency if: OR

  • indictment or info was defective
  • ct lacks juris
  • verdict is too uncertain
  • D was convicted of an offense that was improper under the info filed
55
Q

Judgement

A

Judge can withhold adjudication (proclaiming guilt) of guilty verdict by placing D on probation instead.
Must advise D of his right to an appeal.
Non-Capital: can be released on bail pending appeal if: AND
>never convicted of a felony
>appeal is taken in good faith and isn’t frivolous

56
Q

Sentencing

A

Based on guidelines created by the FL legislature. Must impose a sentence w/i statutory sentencing range unless mitigating factors are met allowing a lower sentence

57
Q

Presentence Report (PSI)

A

Ct may order. Must order if D is a first-time felony offender OR D is under age 18. Must be created in capital cases if D does not challenge death penalty or presents not mitigation.

58
Q

Not Pronouncing Sentence

A

Cannot be pronounced if:

  • D is insane or incompetent at time of sentencing or execution
  • Ds identity is not clearly established
  • D has been pardoned
  • D is pregnant in a capital offense
59
Q

Making Changes to a Sentence after Sentencing

A
  • to correct an illegal or inaccurate sentence at any time

- can reduce or modify a sentence w/i 60 days after sentencing or receiving the appeal judgment

60
Q

Post-Conviction Relief

A
  • Motion to Vacate, Set Aside, or Correct a Sentence

- Death Sentence Relief

61
Q

Motion to Vacate, Set Aside, or Correct a Sentence

A

Must be filed w/i 2 years for non-death sentences and 1 year for death. Can extend time if: new facts, new fundamental const.L right, neglect of post conviction counsel
Can be granted if:
-violated const.
-ct lacked juris
-sentence exceeded the authorized maximum
-plea was involuntary
-subject to a collateral attack (h.c. in fed.)

62
Q

Death Sentence Relief

A

Sup Ct must appoint a Capital Collateral Regional Counsel. Counsel files a motion of appearance/withdrawal w/i 30 days. Status conference is held every 90 days until motion is heard. Ct must rule w/i 30 days of receiving the hearing transcript.

63
Q

Juvy Terms

A
  • Juvenile, child, youth: charged w/ crime before turning 18
  • Detention, detention facility: jail, incarceration, prison, etc.
  • Pretrial Detention: held w/o bond
  • Order to Take a Child into Custody: arrest warrant
  • Delinquent Act: crime
  • Delinquency Petition: criminal info
  • Adjudicatory Petition: trial (no juries for juvy)
  • Order of Adjudication: order of judgement
  • Adjudication of Delinquent: finding guilty
  • Dispositional Hearing: sentencing hrg
64
Q

Goals of Juvenile Laws

A
  1. due process rights of child
  2. care and safety of the children
  3. protection of the community
65
Q

Juvenile Juris

A

Only lasts until Juvy is 19 years old UNLESS juvy is in placement or detention, at which point juris lasts until juvy is 21 years old.
Attaches when summons is served. not at time of delinquency (crime).

66
Q

Juvenile Custody: Notice to Appear

A

Notice to Appear: juvy is brought in but released to parents/guardians. Cannot be used if juvy:

  • fails to id self
  • is a danger to self/others
  • no ties to the community
  • has an outstanding warrant
  • has previously failed to make ct obligations
67
Q

Juvy Req.d Notifications

A

When juvy is in custody for felony or crime of violence. Must give notice to school district and parents/guardians

68
Q

Releasing Juvy from Custody

A

Should be released as soon as reasonably possible and can be released to parent/guardian OR responsible adult who has never been convicted of a felony, child abuse, drug trafficking, or prostitution

69
Q

Juvy Diversion Programs

A
  • 1st time non-violent offender: Neighborhood Restorative Justice
  • Misdeamnor/3rd degree felonies: Community Arbitration (aka teen ct)
70
Q

Juvy P.C. Affidavit

A

When child is taken into custody and released, an affidavit must be filed w/i 24 hours of child’s release. Must include facts/reasons for taking child into custody and include id of child/parents, why, who child was released to, and prima facie case of violation

71
Q

Juvy Pretrial Detention

A

Cannot be longer than 21 days unless hrg has begun. Must have a ct order and requested by written petition for detention. Ct must conduct a risk assessment before ordering detention.
Factors to consider:
1. substantial risk of failure to appear
2. substantial risk of inflicting bodily harm on others
3. history of committing prop. offenses
4. contempt of ct
5. juvy has requested protection from imminent bodily harm

72
Q

Juvy Detention Hrg

A

Not necessary if parents cannot be found - no hug req.d. Hrg must be held w/i 24 hours of start of detention. Right to counsel at all proceedings. Hrg can be continued for up to 72 hours.

73
Q

Juvy Filing of Charges and Arraignment

A

Must file written delinquency petition. Petition must be served w/ summons to appear on child and parents/guardians. If detained, arraignment must occur w/i 48 hours of filing of charges.

74
Q

Juvy Deferring Prosecution for Treatment

A

Treatment plan is submitted by an agency of Dept. of Juvenile Justice. Child must waive speedy trial rights and P must agree to defer prosecution.
If child violates: plan can be further enforced or ct can proceed to hearing on petition

75
Q

Juvy Adjudication of Delinquency

A

Must be held w/i 90 days of whichever is first, taken into custody or date of service of summons.
Defenses: incompetence and insanity
-incompetency: detention is limited to 2 years
-insane: notice of defense is req.d 10 days before hearing

76
Q

Juvy Dispositions

A

Sentencing. Predisposition Report is req.d and can recommend a treatment plan.
Options:
1. probation
2. placement in juvy correctional facility or intensive residential treatment
3. conditional release (parole)

77
Q

Juvy Residential Commitment

A

Can be placed there if 13-19 years old (or up to 21 if still has juris) and was adjudicated for:

  • 1 serious felony
  • a felony after juvy was previously committed 3 times to a delinquency commitment program OR
  • an offense making the child eligible for adult prosecution
78
Q

Juvy in Adult Court

A

Can be transferred to adult ct via (OR)
-waiver
-direct filing
-indictment.
Must be transferred if juvy is 14 or older and currently charged w/ either:
1. crime against person and was previously adjudicated for an enumerated felony OR
2. 4th felony and a prior felony involved a firearm

79
Q

Juvy in Adult Court: Waiver

A

waiver: voluntary or
involuntary-must be filed w/i 7 days of delinquency petition and must be 14 y.o. or older, must have a hrg, usually discretionary

80
Q

Juvy in Adult Court: Direct Filing

A
  1. Discretionary: 14 or 15 years old at time of offense and charged w/
    >an enumerated offense OR offense involving a firearm AND
    >public interest requires an adult sanction
    OR Juvy is:
    +16-17 at time of offense AND
    + has 2 prior adjurations w/ one being a felony and public interest requires adult sanctions
  2. Mandatory: 16-17 years old at time of offense and charged w/ (OR)
    >2nd or subsequent violent crime against a person
    >an enumerated offense involving discharge of a weapon
    >a forcible felony and 3 add.L adjudications which were 45 days apart
    OR Juvy is charged w/ carjacking resulting in death or serious bodily injury of non-participant (juvy’s age doesn’t matter).
  3. all of juvy’s pending felonies and future crimes are treated as adult crimes and juvy will go to adult sentencing but can still consider juvy punishments as well.

MBE Mine (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions