Fizyoloji Flashcards
ability of generating and conducting
action potential
Excitability
diffusion potential level across a membrane that exactly opposes the net diffusion of a particular ion
Nernst pot.
Rapid changes in Na and K permeability are primarily responsible for signal transmission in nerves.
Membrane potential is not a ….. is…..
Pot. Voltage
voltage-gated potassium channel does not have an inactivated state
Saltotary conduction
in myelinated fibers from node to node
A new potential cannot occur in an excitable fiber as long as the membrane is still depolarized from the previous AP.
a second AP cannot be elicited
Absolute Refractory
Inhibition of Excitability
Stabilizers and local aneasthetics=procaine tetracaine
What is the work of the all muscle types?
Contraction
Primary functionof muscle
Generate force and movement
The stimulation of additional motor units for increasing strength of contraction=
Recruitment
Small motor unit, motor unit size
Her bir nöronun uyardığı fiber. Gözde bir nöron 10 fiber uyarıyorsa bacakta 1000 buna motor unit size denir
Slow fiber marathoner
Bacak, çok mitokondri-o2 üretimi bu olay yavaş
Myoglobin-darker color
Fatigue resistant
Smaller diameter
Troponin t-I-C
I-aktine bağlanır. Miyozinin aktine bağlanmasını engeller
T-tropomyosine bağlanır
C-ca a bağlanır
Serves to anchor actin to z line
A actinin
Stabilize thin filamenth length during muscle development
Nebulin
Prevent overextension of sarcomeres and
Maintain central location of A bands
Titin
Engulf the bacteria by fagositız
NÖtrofil,monosit
Eosinophil
Detoxification, disintegration, removal of foreign proteins
Albümin globülin fibrinojen nerede
Plazmada protein
Osmktik basınç sağlayan plazma proteini
Albumin
En küçük boyuttaki plazma proteini
Albumin
Protein that Transport lipids
A beta globulin
Lenfositler tarafından üretilen antikor
Gamma globulin
Acid base buffer
Hb and plazma proteins
B12 folik asit eksikliğindeki hastalık
Megaloblastic anemi
Hb i free iron ve bilirubine çeviren hücre
Makrofaj
İron ne olarak depolanır
Ferit’in ve hemosiderin
Aplastic anemi nedir
Bone marrow detoriationden dolayı az kan hücresi
Hemolytic anemi
Sicile cell anemi
- visceral layer of the
serous pericardium
Epicardum
Myocardium is made up two types of cells:
cardiac muscle
cells and fibroblast
Specialized contract points between cardiocytes
İntercalated discs
İntercalated discs Composed of desmosome and gap junction
Desmosomes hold cells together
Gap junctions allow action potentials
Do mechnaical work of pumping
Normally do not initiate own AP
AP leads to contraction
Contractile cells
-Do not contract
-Specialized for initiating and conducting AP -responsible for contraction of working cells
-Spread of AP
SA node, the AV node, of His,
Conducting cells(autorhythmic)
Lökositler neredeoluşturulur
Bone marrow(.Granulocytes, monocytes)
Lymph tissue
En çok olan wbc
Nötrofil
Against viruses
Fagositoz
Rxn of inflammation
Febrile response
Nötrofil
fever producing substances called
endogenous
pyrogen
Against parasitic organisms
Allergic reactions
Mucosa
Mild(not very mobile) fagositoz
Eosinophils
Rare in circulation
-liberate heparin(an anti coagulant) and histamin (a vasodilator and increaser of capillary permeability
-allergic manifestations
Weakest fagositik aktivite
Bazofil
WBCs Enter the Tissue Spaces by
WBCs Move Through the Tissues by
WBC Are Attracted to Inflamed Tissue by
Diapedsis, Ameboid Motion, Chemotaxis
It is an essential component of the immune system, comprised of phagocytic cells located in different organs of the human body
Located in all tissues skindeki liverdaki fagositik hücre
Histocyte, kuppffer
Rectoendothelial sistem
(delay the spread of
bacterial or toxins)
“Walling-Off” Effect of Inflammation
neutrophils and most of the macrophages die.
After several days, a cavity is often excavated in the inflamed tissues
that contains varying portions of necrotic tissue, dead neutrophils,
dead macrophages, and tissue fluid.
This mixture is known as “”
pus
Disitegration of megakaryocytes=
Thrombopoiesis.
Plateletler böyle oluşur
Anuclear
-smallest of all cellular component
Platelet
Stored inplatelets and transporrted to site of injury
5ht serotonin
-Transplantation of tissue or whole organs from
one part of body to another (*Same Antigens)
-identical twin same antigen
-from human to human
-from öne species to another
Autograph,isograaph,allografts,xenograpts
The most important antigens for causing graft rejection are a
complex called…
HLA antigens
Prevention of Graft Rejection by Supressing Immune System
Glukokorticoid hormon, azathioprine,cyclosporine
phagocytic cells located in different organs of the human body
Reticuloendothelial system
Feedback Control of the Macrophage and Neutrophil Responses
TNF, INTERLEUKİN1,GMCSF,G-CSF,& M-CSF
Kalıtsal pıhtılaşma eksikliği hastalığı
Haemophilia
Düz kasta nörotransmiter salgılayan vesicles
Varicosities
Düz kasta z line yok-dense bodies
Troponin neuromuscular junction yok
Troponin yok- ca un bağlandığı calmodulin
Düz kasta progastrin kasılmayı epinefrin relaxationı sağlar
Osmotik basıncı sağlayan blood volume ü koruyan plazma proteini
Albumin
Proteolysis(Thrombin) Polymerization stabilization-crosslink
Circulating bloodda clot yok
Thrombomodulin
Serous myoepithelial cells parotid, hemotoksilin eosin staining(mucous glande yok)
