fixed prosthodontics Flashcards
2 types of restoration material for direct restorations
amalgam
composite
2 types of restorations
direct
indirect
4 materials used for indirect restorations
gold
porcelain
indirect composite
ceramic metal
inlay
indirect restoration that fills the inside of a cusp of a tooth
onlay
indirect restoration that fills the area extending out over one or more of the cusps
crowns
a “cap” that covers the surface of the portion of the tooth above the gum line
3 types of crowns
full
three- quarter crown
porcelain fused to metal crown
veneers
ultra thin shells of ceramic that are bonded to the front of the teeth mainly for esthetics reasons
what is another word for veneer
laminates
fixed bridge
a single appliance that is attached to two or more teeth on each side of the space where a tooth is missing
a typical bridge consists of..
a pontic
two retainers
pontic
filler tooth in the middle of a bridge
retainers
crown that goes on top of your existing teeth for a bridge
always two
shade guide
guide used to match the crown to the natural dentition of the patient
what lighting should a shade guide be done in
natural light
types of finished margins
chamfer
shoulder
when should a chamfer be used
full veneer crown
palatial of a metal/ceramic crown
when should a shoulder be used
porcelain jacket crown
buccal of a metal/ceramic crown
full crown
covers all anatomic portion of the tooth
3/4 crown
covers mesial, lingual, distal surfaces to keep strength and esthetics
spectrophotometer
device used for choosing correct tooth shade
reduction
lessening the size of the tooth
3 reasons to make a fixed partial denture
restore function
appearance
prevention
build up in crown and bridge support
replaces missing cusp or axial wall necessary for retention of final restoration
3 types of build up retention
threaded pins
preformed posts (paraposts)
custom cast dowels
threaded pins
build up with amalgam or tooth coloured composite
preformed posts
build up similar to threaded pins primarily used for multi-rooted teeth
initial interproximal reduction tool used
narrow tapered diamond bur
occlusal reduction
should follow the cuspal outline
custom cast dowel cores
done separately from final restoration used primarily for single rooted teeth
what is a retentive pin added for
strength and core build up
best materials for core build up
amalgam gic composite
post and core
a procedure that is required to rebuild a tooth in order to provide proper support for a crown
post
a metal structure that’s is placed within the body of the root system f a tooth that has been previously rct treated
gingival retraction
the technique of withdrawing gingival tissue from around the tooth and holding it out of the way
when is a gingival retraction done
before the final impression
3 method for gingival retraction
chemical method
mechanical method
electrosurgical method
two functions of a retraction cord
- displaces the free gingiva for completing the tooth preparation
- opens the gingival sulcus for the impression
how long is a retraction cord for anterior teeth
1 inch
how long is the retraction cord for a posterior tooth
2 inches
two types of retraction cords
impregnated cord
non-impregnated cord
impregnated retraction cords
controls bleeding and causes tissue to shrink
impregnated with epinephrine or aluminum chloride
what impregnated cord would you use for a patient with a heart condition…why
aluminum chloride because epinephrine is a vasoconstrictor
non-impregnated cord
retracts tissue by packing force
how long do you leave a retraction cord on
5-7 mins
when would you use 2 retraction cords for one tooth
for molars with wider and a deeper sulcus
what materials can you not use for final impressions
hydrocolloids, being alginate and agar
final impression materials
polysulfide
condensation
addition silicones
polyethr
what tooth in the dentition is darker than the rest
canine
polysulfide
mixed in a 1:1 ratio- used the least
indicated for a complete denture, bite registration and a crown + bridge
indications for condensation silicone
complete dentures
crown and bridge
additional silicones
aka vinyl polysiloxane
indicated for crown + bridge, denture and bite registrations
indications for polyether
crown and bridge
bite registration
most popular final impression material..why
additional silicones
dimensionally stable, user friendly and accurate
electrosurgery
crown lengthening
what must a written prescription to a lab technician include
-dentist name, license # and signature
- dentist address
- patient name, age and gender
- shade selected
-prosthesis type
-date it is required back
what 6 things happen in a dental lab for a PFM
1) impression is poured using gypsum
2) dies are made
3) metal core is fabricated
4) porcelain build-up over metal coping
5) porcelain is “baked” in porcelain furnace
6) porcelain is glazed
master cast is also known as..
the final impression
dies
exact replica of the prepared portion of a tooth made
what is used for an optical impression
CADCAM
metal core of a pfm
the inner portion that is covered by the porcelain
milling
fills machine with porcelain to create crown
itero
most common digital impression machine
bite registration
provides lab technician with a reproduction of a patient bite
glazing
making shiny
Provisional crown and bridges
A temporary restoration that is repaired in place in position to the fun of restoration has been completed
4 Provisional coverage purposes
-prevent thermal, shock, sensitivity, and discomfort
-Protect the margins of the preparation
-Prevent overeruption in shifting
-Maintain aesthetics
Basic requirements for a provisional restorations
Provides complete coverage
Mai provide patient, comfort, aesthetics, and phonetics
Provide a
Able to perform mastication
Promo periodontal health
6 materials used for provisional coverage
acrylic
Polycarbonate
Freeform, pedal crowns
Metal shells
Celluloid crown forms
Bis- acryl why, why composites
acrylic provisional coverages
The most common material used in come in a variety of different shades
Disadvantages to provisional coverage is made of acrylic
significant amount of heat given off by exothermic reaction
Strong and sometimes unbearable odor
