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Fixed Boards Flashcards

1
Q

a prerequisite to fixed prosthodontic treatment

A

Healthy joint and supporting skeletal musculature

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2
Q

Normal maximal opening

A

53-58mm

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3
Q

restricted opening

A

less than 40mm

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4
Q

Class I lever
Class II lever
Class III lever

A

Class I -see-saw - work fulcrum force
Class II - wheel barrel - fulcrum work force
Class III- nut cracker - fulcrum force work

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5
Q

FMA angles

A

Normal - 25 +- 5
low - less than 20 - increase forces
high greater than 30 - decrease forces

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6
Q

biologic width

A

2mm from bottom of sulcus to alveolar crest.
1mm is junctional epithelium and 1mm is connective tissue

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7
Q

Tooth tapers

A

-anterior teeth: 30°
-premolars: 10°
-molars: 8°

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7
Q

6 indications for subgingival margins

A

caries
pre-existing restorations
esthetics
root sensitivity
cervical erosion
root fracture

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7
Q

Force on pontics 1, 2, 3

A

the force on 1 pontic is 1X the distance
the force on 2 pontics is 8X the distance
the force on 3 pontics is 27X the distance

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8
Q

Seibert Classification

A

Class 1 - BL
Class 2 - Apicocoronal
Class 3 - combination of both

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9
Q

Crown to root ratio

A

minimal: 1:1
best: 1:2

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10
Q

Ante’s Law

A

surface area of abutments should be equal to or exceed the area of the teeth to be replaced

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11
Q

Irreversible hydrocolloid ingredients

A
  1. sodium alignate
  2. CaSO4 2H2O
  3. Diatomaceous earth
  4. Potassium sulfate
  5. Trisodium phosphate
  6. glycols
    7 wintergreen
  7. disinfectants
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12
Q

alginate reaction

A

H20 + potassium alignate + CaSO4 2H2O -> Calcium algiante gel + KSO4

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13
Q

Functions of anterior deprogrammer

A
  1. relax musculature
    eliminate engrams

place 20-30 mins

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14
Q

4 indications for a collarless metal-ceramic restoration

A

thin gingival tissues
high smile line
exposed root surfaces
areas where gingival recession is likely

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15
Q

3 principles of tooth preparation

A

biologic
mechanical
esthetic

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16
Q

4 biologic considerations

A
  1. Pulpal
  2. adjacent teeth
  3. periodontal
  4. conservation of tooth structure
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17
Q

4 indications for sub gingival margins

A

caries
retention/resistance form
esthetics
the need to end the margin on tooth structure and not restorative material.

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18
Q

3 mechanical considerations

A
  1. structural durability
  2. the effect of mastication forces on the cement
  3. retention and resistance form
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19
Q

Retention

A

path of insertion or withdrawal (should restrict the possible paths)

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20
Q

6 retention variables

A

taper
diameter
height
surface area
surface roughness
effects of boxes and grooves

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21
Q

Resistance

A

prevents dislodgment in a horizontal direction (lateral forces)

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22
Q

3 resistance variables

A

taper
diameter
height

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23
Q

4 esthetic considerations

A

retainer selection
amount of reduction
contour
placement of margin

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24
Q

4 ways to ensure you’re taking off the required amount of tooth structure when prepping

A

know the diameter of your bur
make depth cuts
use a template to evaluate your reduction
prep ½ the tooth at a time

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25
Q

9 functions of a provisional

A

pulp insulator
protects the periodontium
determines gingival tissue position at the preparation margins
maintains arch integrity
acts as a “road-test” for the final restoration
confirms esthetics of the diagnostic wax-up
confirms incisal lengths and position of teeth with regards to phonetics
a means to evaluate tooth reduction
communicates form, function, and dimensions to the lab

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26
Q

polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA)-Jet acrylic

A

high strength
best wear resistance
the most exothermic
high shrinkage
low cost

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27
Q

polyethyl-methacrylate (PEMA)-Snap, Trim

A

-moderate strength
-high wear resistance
-short term color stability
-moderate exothermicity
-moderate shrinkage
-low cost

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28
Q

2 advantages of custom tapered cast post and cores:

A

high strength with a better fit
conserves more radicular tooth structure

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29
Q

3 disadvantages of custom tapered cast post and cores

A

not as retentive
greater chance of splitting the tooth (wedge)
multiple visits required

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30
Q

2 disadvantages of pre-fabricated, parallel sided, dowel with core

A

loss of tooth structure (makes tooth fit the post)
possible corrosion with stainless steel posts

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31
Q

2 indications for pre-fabricated, parallel sided, dowel with core

A

straight canals
circular canals in x-section

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32
Q

How much gutta percha should remain for post and core

A

4/5mm

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33
Q

goal of tissue displacement

A

achieve space for impression materials both vertically and laterally.

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34
Q

3 types of cords

A

plain, braided, or knitted

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35
Q

Chemicals used in cords

A

-epinephrine
-potassium aluminum sulfate (ALUM)
-aluminum chloride (Hemodent)
-ferric sulfate
-zinc chloride
-tetrahydrozoline

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36
Q

3 advantages to using retraction cord

A

-gingival sulcus gets defined
-it acts as a blotter for heme and saliva
-prevents impression material from getting caught in the sulcus

37
Q

Impression materials

A

-polysulfide
-condensation silicone
-addition silicone
-polyethers
-reversible hydrocolloid

38
Q

7 Types of pontics

A
  1. ridge lap
  2. modified ridge lap
  3. sanitary
  4. bullet
  5. ovate
  6. perel
    7 Porter
39
Q

Hue

A

the name of the color (red, blue, green, etc.)

40
Q

Value

A

the whiteness or blackness of a color
-a low value is closer to black and a high value is closer to white
-* this is probably the most important dimension to the dentist

41
Q

Chroma

A

the saturation or intensity of the hue

42
Q

metamerism

A

a phenomenon that occurs when 2 objects match in color under certain lighting conditions, but do not match under others. This occurs when objects have different spectral curves

43
Q

responsible for interpreting brightness differences. Used for vision at low light levels.

A

Rods of retina

44
Q

mediators of color vision

A

cones of retina

45
Q

ideal luting agent properties

A

low viscosity and film thickness
long working time with rapid set
good resistance to water or acid attack
high compressive and tensile strength
adhesion to tooth structure and restorative material
cariostatic properties (fluoride release)
biologic compatibility
esthetics

46
Q

5 categories of luting agents

A
  1. phosphate bonded (zinc phosphate)
  2. phenolate bonded (zinc oxide and eugenol)
    3.polycarboxylate bonded (zinc polycarboxylate or glass ionomer)
  3. resin composites
  4. Resin modified glass ionomer
47
Q

3 advantages of ZnPO4

A

successful clinical record
low film thickness
easy to remove excess

48
Q

4 disadvantages of ZnPO4

A

pulpal sensitivity (pH=3.0)
soluble in oral fluids (washout)
no chemical bond to tooth or restoration
it’s exothermic

49
Q

2 advantages of ZOE

A

biocompatible with pulp
increased working time

50
Q

4 disadvantages of ZOE

A

low strength
washout
experiences viscoelastic deformation
it’s exothermic

51
Q

4 advantages of Zn polycarboxylate

A

low pulpal irritation
adheres to tooth
low film thickness
radiopaque

52
Q

-5 disadvantages of Zn polycarboxylate

A

short working time
low strength
high microleakage
creep and plastic deformation
reaction is exothermic

53
Q

5 advantages to GI

A

high strength
fluoride release
adhesion to enamel and dentin
biocompatibility
low film thickness

54
Q

3 disadvantages to GI:

A

difficult manipulation
moisture sensitivity
can be dehydrated

55
Q

4 advantages of self cured resins

A

high strength
low solubility
adhesion to tooth structure
low post-op sensitivity

56
Q

2 disadvantages of self cured resins

A

high shrinkage
increased cement gap at margin

57
Q

3 advantages of RMGIC

A

increased working time
fluoride release
bonds to tooth structure

58
Q

2 disadvantages to RMGIC

A

lack of translucency
increase water sorption

59
Q

Acron articulator

A

condylar elements on the lower member of the articulator and condylar paths are on the upper member. **This is anatomically correct

60
Q

non-arcon

A

condylar paths are on the lower member of the articulator and condylar elements are on the upper member.

61
Q

intercondylar distance

A

110mm

62
Q

shear (non-functional) cusp

A

lingual on the mandible; buccal on the max

63
Q

apexification

A

externally loading the condyles in centric relation

64
Q

fremitus

A

vibration of the roots of teeth that close into contact.

65
Q

engram

A

memorized pattern of muscle activity

66
Q

crepitus

A

a crackling or grating noise in a joint during movement

67
Q

Ways to determine VDO?

A

swallowing (Shannahan)
Closest speaking space (Silverman)
Ridge parallelism
Physiological rest (Niswonger)
Tactile (Lytle)
Bitefore (Boos)

68
Q

Why did you use blue mouse

A

Initially dead soft, fast set, sets rigid, dimensionally stable, unaffected by disinfectants, can be
trimmed

69
Q

What are the four methods of obtaining CR? (CR)

A

1) Static Recordings; Direct interocclusal records
2) Graphic recordings; started with Balkwill but Gysi first to record mandibular movement and
CR, pantograph, coble balancer (Hardy and Pleasure)
3) Functional Records: myomonitor, swallowing with compound cones, stereograph (TMJarticulator-
Swanson and Swif); chew-in Myers
4) Cephlometrics- Atwood

70
Q

What are 4 ways of guiding patient? (CR)

A

1) swallowing (.4mm error); Shannahan (static)
2) chin point guidance (.14 error); Gnathology (static)
3) chin point w/ ant jig (.07 error); Lucia (static)
4) bimanual manipulation (.05 error); Dawson (static)

71
Q

Caries definition

A

Infectious microbiological disease of the teeth that results in localized dissolution and destruction of calcified tissues

72
Q

What bacteria for caries

A

Strep mutans - onset
lactobacilli - progression

73
Q

Gypsum equation

A

Ca sulfate hemihydrate + water = calcium sulfate dehydrate + heat

74
Q

Stone categories

A

Type 1 - impression plaster
Type 2 - model plaster
Type 3 - dental stone
Type 4 improved stone
Type 5 - high strength

75
Q

PVS composition

A

base: dimethyl siloxane with silane groups
accelerator: vinyl terminated siloxane
Chloroplatinic acid
Filler: copper carbonate

76
Q

What types of erosion are there

A

Rumination Erosion (6-10% in institutionalized patients)
●Bulemia Erosion: Max anterior palatal
●Alcoholics
●Citrus Fruit Erosion/Carbonated beverages: incisal 1/3 max anterior

77
Q

Abrasion

A

wearing away of tooth through mechanical process

78
Q

Erosion

A

loss of tooth substance by chemical processes that do no involve bacterial action

79
Q

Abfraction

A

The cause is multifactorial, it is thought to be due to tooth flexure from biomechanical
loading forces and chemical fatigue degradation of enamel

80
Q

Turner Categories of wear

A

1 - excessive wear with loss of VDO
2 - excessive wear without loss of VDO and available space
3 - excessive wear without loss of VDO and limited space

81
Q

Celenza classification

A

Class I: simple holding
Class II: vertical and horizontal movement, but not related to TMJ
A: motion unrelated to pt
B: motion based on theories
C: motion based on patient
Class III: condylar pathways using average anatomic values
A: static protrusive records
B: accepts lateral records
Class IV: 3-D registrations
A: paths formed by patient (TMJ)
B: paths from settings and inserts (D5A)

82
Q

Bodily shift in the mandible in the direction of the working side

A

Laterotrusion

83
Q

Long centric

A

The anterior teeth should immediately disclude the posterior teeth but at a controlled angulation so that you don’t lock the patient in. The patient must have an unimpeded path to centric relation. PMS

84
Q

Detrusion, surtrusion, retrusion definitions

A

Laterodetrusion: lat and down on working side
Laterosurtrusion: lat and up on working side; greatest effect since it brings arches closer together
Lateroretrusion: lat and back on working side

85
Q

PVS composition

A

Base: dimethyl siloxane with silane groups
Fillers such as copper carbonate which control consistency

Accelerator: vinyl terminated siloxane Chloroplatinic acid

86
Q

Alginate composition

A

Potassium alginate
Calcium sulfate dehydrate
K Phosphate
Na Phosphate
Diatemaceous Earth
Glycols

87
Q

Gypsum classifications

A

Type I Impression Plaster - 15% exp
Type II Model Plaster - .30% exp
Type III Dental Stone - .20% exp
Type IV Improved stone - .10 exp
Type V High Strength, Exp - .30 exp

88
Q

Specs for microstone

A

ISO Type 3
Brand:Premium dental stone
40ml/140g water to powder
5-7min working time 15 min set time
0.12% expansion
Compressive strength (MPA) after 1 hr 31 after 48 hr 59

89
Q

Specs for mounting plaster

A

ISO type 1
Brand: “low expansion fast setting plaster”
63ml/100g water powder
60-90s working time 3 mins setting time
.09% expansion
Compressive strength (MPA) 1 hr 4 after 48 hrs 12

90
Q

How did you program articulator for HCI and laterotrusion

A

HCI - protrusive check bite

Laterotrusion - Hanau formula or lateral check bite

91
Q

What does UTS stand for

A

Universal transferbow system

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