fixation

Question 1

10% Formal saline is also recommended for the preservation of lipids and phospholipids (true or false)

Answer 1

TRUE

Question 2

Fixation time for 10% formol saline

Answer 2

12-24 hrs

Question 3

Recommend for general post mortem tissue and CNS

Answer 3

10% formol saline

Question 4

Fixative tissue containing iron pigments and elastic fibers

Answer 4

10% Neutral buffered formalin

Question 5

Alternatives to mercuric chloride. They are said to give improved results with immunohistochemistry

Answer 5

Zinc Formalin (Unbuffered)

Question 6

Formol corrosive Fixation time?

Answer 6

3-24 hrs

Question 7

It fix lipids, neutral fats, and phospholipids. There is no need for “washing out”

Answer 7

Formol Corrosive (Formol sublimate)

Question 8

Polymerized form of formaldehyde, usually obtained as fine white powder. Suitable form paraffin embedding and sectioning, also for immunocytochemical analysis

Answer 8

Paraformaldehyde

Question 9

Mixture of paraformaldehyde and glutaral-dehyde. It is suitable for use when preparing sample for light microscopy.

Answer 9

Karnovsky’s Fixative

Question 10

Made up of two formaldehyde residue, linked by three carbon chain. Well suited for EM. NOT good for immunohistocehmical staining

Answer 10

Glutaraldehyde

Question 11

Fixative for Enzyme Histochemistry

Answer 11

4% formaldehyde
Formol Saline

Question 12

Fixative for EM

Answer 12

Glutaraldehyde
Osmium tetroxide
Paraformaldehyde

Question 13

Fixative for electron histochemistry and Electron immunocytochemistry

Answer 13

Karnovsky’s paraformaldehyde- glutaraldehyde

Question 14

Alcohols are protein denaturants and are not used routinely for tissue (true or false)

Answer 14

TRUE

Question 15

Washing out using TAP WATER

Answer 15

excess; chromates, hellys, zenker’s, Flemmings, Formalin, osmic acid

Question 16

Washing out using alcoholic iodine

Answer 16

for mercuric fixative

Question 17

Washing out 50-70% alcohol

Answer 17

picric acid

Question 18

Excellent for fixing dry and wet smear, blood smears and bone marrow tissue

Answer 18

Methyl Alcohol 100%

Question 19

Fixing TOUCH preparation, blood? tissue film

Answer 19

Isopropyl Alcohol 95%

Question 20

Ethyl alcohol preserve and fix glycogen (true or false)

Answer 20

FALSE (it preserved but does NOT fix glycogen)

Question 21

For blood, tissue films and smear

Answer 21

Ethyl Alcohol (70-100%)

Question 22

Fixation time for ethyl alcohol?

Answer 22

18-24 hrs

Question 23

Fixation time for carnoy’s

Answer 23

1-3 hrs. fast acting fixative

Question 24

Use for urgent biopsy. Fix chromosomes and lymph glands. Use with acetone for brain tissue for diagnosis of rabbies

Answer 24

Carnoy’s

Question 25

Carnoy’s contain _____, ______, and _____

Answer 25

Absolute alcohol, Chloroform, Glacial acetic acid

Question 26

Used on frozen section and smear. It preserve nucleic acid but extracts lipids

Answer 26

Clarke’s solution

Question 27

For sputum and microincineration technique

Answer 27

Gendre’s solution

Question 28

_____ combines a denaturing fixative with the additives and cross-linking effects of formalin. It can be used for fixation or post-fixation of large fatty specimen (particularly breast)

Answer 28

Alcoholic formalin

Question 29

Classified as nuclear (nuclear protein) and histochemical fixative (mucopolysaccharide).

Answer 29

Newcomers fluid

Question 30

Connective tissue mucins and umbilical cords

Answer 30

Rossmann’s solution

Question 31

Most common metallic fixative

Answer 31

Mercuric chloride

Question 32

Zenker’s Solution is recommended for trichrome staining (true or false)

Answer 32

TRUE

Question 33

Recommend for congested specimen (lungs, heart, and blood vessels) and give good results with PTAH and trichrome staining

Answer 33

Zenker’s solution

Question 34

contains mercuric chloride and glacial acetic acid. Recommend in fixing liver, spleen, and connective tissue fibers and nuclei

Answer 34

Zenker’s fluid

Question 35

Preserve pituitary gland, bone marrow, and other blood containing organs

Answer 35

Zenker-Formol (Helly’s)

Question 36

tumor skin biopsy; it is an excellent cytologic fixative

Answer 36

Heidenhain’s Susa solution

Question 37

Pale yellow powder which dissolve in water to form a strong oxidizing solution.

Answer 37

Osmium tetroxide

Question 38

required volume for osmium tetroxide

Answer 38

5 to 10x the volume of the specimen

Question 39

Osmium tetroxide is a good fixative and excellent stain for lipids in membranous structure and vesicle. (True or False)

Answer 39

TRUE

Question 40

For ricketessia and other bactera For early degenerative process and tissue nectrosus

Answer 40

Orth fluid

Question 41

To fix myelin, peripheral nerves and neurological tissue

Answer 41

Osmium tetroxide

Question 42

Most common chrome-osmium acetic acid fixative used, recommended for nuclear preparation of such sections

Answer 42

Flemming’ s solution

Question 43

is made up only of chromic and osmic acid, recommended for cytoplasmic structures particularly the mitochondria

Answer 43

Flemming’ s solution without acetic acid

Question 44

used on 1-2% aqueous solution, usually as a constituent of a compound fixative. Preserve CARBOHYDRATES

Answer 44

Chromic acid

Question 45

chromate fixatives that preserve lipids and mitochondria (3% aqueous solution)

Answer 45

Potassium dichromate

Question 46

Recommend for demonstration of CHROMATIN, MITOCHONDRIA, MITOTIC FIGURES, GOLGI BODIES, RBC & COLLOID-CONTAINING tissues

Answer 46

Regaud’ s (Moller’ s) Fluid

Question 47

Recommend for fixation of embryos, pituitary biopsy, and endometrial curetings

Answer 47

Bouin’ s solution

Question 48

Bouin’s solution is not suitable for Aniline stains but stable (True or False)

Answer 48

FALSE (it is suitable for Aniline stain)

Question 49

recommend for GIT and endocrine tissue

Answer 49

Hollande’s solution

Question 50

Hollande’s solution has some decalcifying properties. (True or False)

Answer 50

TRUE

Question 51

types of picric acid that is excellent fixative for glycogen

Answer 51

Brasil’ s Alcoholic Picroformol fixative

Question 52

Preserve acid mucopolysaccharide and tissue mucin

Answer 52

Lead Fixative

Question 53

used for precipitating of proteins and nucleic acids. Also used as a decalcifier and fixative in microscopy

Answer 53

Trichloroacetic acid

Question 54

provide stable medium for transport of fresh unfixed tissue, such as renal, skin and oral mucosa biopsies.

Answer 54

Michel’ s solution