Fitzpatrick Scale

Question 1

What is the Fitzpatrick scale?

Answer 1

A scale that classifies how different skin types react to sun exposure, specifically UV rays.

*The scale was developed by a dermatologist named: Thomas B. Fitzpatrick.

Question 2

How many types are there in the Fitzpatrick scale?

Answer 2

6

Question 3

What are the different skin types on the Fitzpatrick scale?

Answer 3

1: Caucasian
(VERY white, freckled & ALWAYS burns).

2: Caucasian
(White, Usually burns).

3: Caucasian, Mediterranean, German (White to Olive; Sometimes burns, tans well).

4: Hispanic, Indigenous American, Asian, Caribbean
(Olive to Brown; Rarely burns).

5: African, African American, Pacific Islander, Indian, Caribbean:
(Dark Brown; Very Rarely Burns).

6: African, Indigenous Aboriginal
(Black; Almost never burns).

Question 4

Why does lighter skin tend to burn more easily when exposed to the sun/UV rays?

Answer 4

Lighter skin has less melanin (pigmentation).

Question 5

What is melanin?

Answer 5

A pigment.

This pigment gives color to skin/eyes to help protect.

Question 6

Skin cancer risk is highest in which skin type?

Answer 6

Type 1 (I) is the most vulnerable.
Fairest.

Type 6 (VI) is the least vulnerable.

Question 7

The Fitzpatrick scale is accurate in its ability to predict skin cancer.

However, it does not account for ___________________.

Answer 7

Photosensitivity.

Question 8

Define photosensitivity.

Answer 8

Photosensitivity is the skin’s sensitivity to sun exposure, which can result in skin conditions or diseases.

Question 9

What does FST stand for?

Answer 9

Fitzpatrick Skin Type

Question 10

Since the Fitzpatrick Skin Type is one of the most predominant skin type models in esthetics, why should estheticians learn about other models?

Answer 10

There are still limitations to the FST (Fitzpatrick Skin Type…scale).

Question 11

Stretch marks are also known as:

Answer 11

Striae

Question 12

What is the Lancer Ethnicity Scale?

Answer 12

A skin typing model created by dermatologist: Dr. Harold Lancer in 1998.

It is an expansion of the Fitzpatrick scale that focuses on ethnicity (from a biological perspective).

Question 13

What are some INTERNAL factors to consider when customizing a service or product for a client?

Answer 13

INTERNAL factors:

Hydration
Genes
Hormones
Age
Health Conditions

Question 14

What are some EXTERNAL factors to consider when customizing a service or product for a client?

Answer 14

EXTERNAL factors:
Pollution
Allergens
Tanning
Lifestyle (Diet, sleep, stress)
Climate

Question 15

What is included in the SKIN ANALYSIS Review (portion before treatment)?

Answer 15

1) “BOOKWORK!”
Review, verify signature(s) of:
Forms
Health treatment
Health History

2) Sanitize hands.

3) LOOK at the skin.

4) Cleanse the skin (select proper cleanser based on what was seen when skin was LOOKED at).

5) Place EYE PROTECTIVE pads.

6) Use a magnifying light, woods lamp, or skin scope.

7) DETERMINE the skin type.

8) DETERMINE texture of skin through touch.

9) ASK the client Questions & listen.
(Example of Questions:
Do you have a skin routine?
If answered YES, additional questions could be:
Do you use products?
Are you satisfied with your proucts?
Are you satisfied with your skin?

10) DETERMINE products, devices and treatments suitable to client’s needs.

(Example: DETERMINE what product line or product should be used during the facial: Acne prone skin = Cleanser tailored to acne prone skin).
While applying it is custom to briefly EDUCATE the client on the products being used.
(Example: From what I have gathered and observed, these products, treatments, devices could be of benefit for you because………….. )

Question 16

What is an INTAKE form?

Answer 16

Intake forms collect basic information related to client’s:
CONTACT information
ETHNIC background
HEALTH history
LIFESTYLE habits
TREATMENT goals

Question 17

What are CONSENT & HIPPA Notices?

Answer 17

A form to obtain the client’s consent to treatment/services (while acknowledging potential risks associated with the service).

Also, this notice/form had between the client & esthetician guarantees the confidentiality of personal information given, received and gained, etc.

Question 18

What is a CASE NOTE (Service Record)?

Answer 18

A form to TRACK the services as well as any potential conflicts/medicine contraindications and aftercare instructions.

Question 19

Define Chromophore:

Answer 19

A chromophore is an individual or a group of molecule(s) which ABSORB LIGHT at a particular wavelength and REFLECT color as a result.

Chromophores are commonly referred to as COLORED MOLECULES.

Question 20

Define Melanocytes:

Answer 20

A CELL located in the skin and eyes.

It produces and contains the pigment called melanin.

A mature melanin-forming cell, especially in the skin.