Fitness and conditioning Flashcards
What is superior
Something above another e.g. The knee is superior to the ankle
What is inferior
Something below another e.g. Th ankle is inferior to the knee
What is anterior
Something in front of another e.g. The nose is anterior to the ears
what is posterior
Something behind another e.g. the ears are posterior to the nose
What is medial
Something that is closer to the midline of the body e.g. the nose is medial to the ear
What is lateral
something that is further away from the midline of the body e.g. the shoulder is lateral to the chin
What is proximal
Proximal is used for only the limbs. It refers to the structure that is closer to the “root” of the limb or the center of the body e.g. the elbow is proximal to the wrist
What is Distal
Distal is used only for the limbs. It refers to the structure that is further from the “root” of the limb or the center of the body e.g. the toes are distal to the knee
Axial skeleton
bones that make up the head, neck, and back
Appendicular skeleton
bones that make up everything and append to the axial skeleton.
what is a muscle
A muscle is a body tissue that contracts when stimulated to produce motion
what’s the role of a tendon
Tendons attach muscle to bone
what’s the role of ligaments
Ligaments attach bone to bone
what are the three types of muscle
Smooth: Muscles in the walls of internal organs. Involuntary control.
Cardiac: Muscles specific to the heart. Involuntary control.
Skeletal: Muscles attached to bones to create movement. Voluntary control.
what are the 3 types of muscle fibers
Slow-twitch oxidative (type I),
Fast-twitch oxidative (type IIa),
Fast-twitch glycolytic (type IIb).
