Fitness And Body Systems

Question 1

What are the functions of the skeleton for sport?

Answer 1

Protection of vital organs
Muscle attachment 
Joints for movement
Storing calcium and phosphorus 
Red and white blood cell production

Question 2

What are long bones?

Answer 2

They are longer than they are wide. They don’t have to be big. Phalanges, tibia, Fibula, metatarsals

Question 3

What are short bones

Answer 3

Same size length and thickness such as carpals and tarsals

Question 4

What are flat bones

Answer 4

Usually protect organs for example, ribs, patella, cranium and sternum

Question 5

Irregular bones

Answer 5

Have odd shakes and perform a range of functions such as the vertebra which protects the spinal cord

Question 6

What is a joint?

Answer 6

The place where two or more bones meet

Question 7

Example of a pivot joint

Answer 7

Wrist, elbow and neck ( allow bones to rotate)

Question 8

Example of hinge joint

Answer 8

Elbow

Question 9

Ball and socket example

Answer 9

Hip bone

Question 10

Example of condyloid joint

Answer 10

Wrist

Question 11

What are ligaments?

Answer 11

Strong flexible connective tissue that connects bone to bone

Question 12

What is flexion

Answer 12

Bending movement that decreases the angle between body parts

Question 13

What’s extension

Answer 13

Straightening movement

Question 14

What’s adduction

Answer 14

Movement that pulls towards the midline of the body

Question 15

What is abduction

Answer 15

Movement that pulls away from the midline of the body

Question 16

What is rotation

Answer 16

Movement around a single axis or pivot joint

Question 17

What is Circumduction

Answer 17

Moving in a circular or conical shape

Question 18

What is dorsiflexion

Answer 18

Flexing toes up

Question 19

Plantar flexion?

Answer 19

Pointing toes down

Question 20

Short term effects on cardiovascular

Answer 20

Heart rate, stroke volume, blood pressure and cardiac output increase

Question 21

Short term effects in muscular

Answer 21

Lactate accumulation and muscle fatigue

Question 22

Short term effects of respiratory

Answer 22

Increased breathing rate, increased gas exchange and oxygen debt

Question 23

Aerobic equation

Answer 23

Glucose+ oxygen= Carbon dioxide + water

Question 24

Anaerobic equation

Answer 24

Glucose= lactic acid

Question 25

How do you work out maximum heart rate

Answer 25

220- age

Question 26

6 skill related components of fitness

Answer 26

``` Agility Balence Co ordination Power Reaction time Speed ```

Question 27

5 components of fitness

Answer 27

``` Cardiovascular fitness Muscular strength Muscular endurance Flexibility Body composition ```

Question 28

What do blood platelets do?

Answer 28

Clot blood

Question 29

What does the plasma do?

Answer 29

Fluid part of the blood

Question 30

What’s tidal volume?

Answer 30

The amount of air breathed in and out in each normal breath

Question 31

What’s vital capacity

Answer 31

Greatest amount of air that can pass into and out the lungs with the most forceful breath

Question 32

What’s health?

Answer 32

Complete emotional, physical and social well being

Question 33

What’s fitness

Answer 33

Ability to meet the demands of the environment

Question 34

Long term effect on cardio vascular

Answer 34

Hypertrophy of the heart, lower RHR, reduced risk of heart disease

Question 35

Long term effects on muscular

Answer 35

Muscular hypertrophy

Question 36

Long term effects in respiratory

Answer 36

Increased vital capacity, increased strength of respiratory muscles

Question 37

What does the diaphragm do?

Answer 37

Works in between ribs, when your breath in it contracts and you breath out it relaxes

Question 38

6 Types of training

Answer 38

``` Continuous Fartlek Circuit Interval Plylometrics Weight/ resistance ```

Question 39

What are the slow twitch fibers?

Answer 39

Type 1 which a marathon runner uses

Question 40

What are the types of fast twitch fibers

Answer 40

11A and 11X 11x is the fastest

Question 41

What’s stroke volume?

Answer 41

Amount of blood pumped by the heart after each breath