Fisiopatologia

Question 1

Causative microorganisms are most often

Answer 1

staphylococci, streptococci, and enterococci.

Question 2

Blood cultures may remain negative for many days after antibiotic discontinuation, and causative organisms are most often

Answer 2

oral streptococci or CNS

Question 3

Infective endocarditis frequently associated with negative blood cultures

Answer 3

• fastidious organisms such as nutritionally variant streptococci
• fastidious Gram-negative bacilli of the HACEK group
• Brucella fungi

Question 4

HACEK group

Answer 4

Haemophilus parainfluenzae, H. aphrophilus, H. paraphrophilus, H. influenzae, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, Kingella kingae, and K. denitrificans

Question 5

Infective endocarditis associated with constantly

negative blood cultures

Answer 5

Coxiella burnetii, Bartonella, Chlamydia, and, Tropheryma whipplei

Question 6

% Infective endocarditis associated with constantly

negative blood cultures

Answer 6

5% of all IE

Question 7

Degenerative valve lesions are detected by echocardiography in up to

Answer 7

50% of asymptomatic patients over 60 years

Question 8

Undamages endothelium favours typically:

Answer 8

S.Aureus and intracellular pathogens

Question 9

Classical IE pathogens (S. aureus, Streptococcus spp., and Enterococcus spp.) share the ability to

Answer 9

• adhere to damaged valves
• trigger local procoagulant activity
• nurture infected vegetations in  which they can survive