fishes amphibians and reptiles

Question 1

vertebrate

Answer 1

an animal that has a backbone

Question 2

endothermic

Answer 2

an animal that can use body heat from chemical reactions in the body’s cells to maintain a constant body temperature

Question 3

ectotherm

Answer 3

an organism that needs sources of heat outside of itself

Question 4

lateral line

Answer 4

a faint line visible on both sides of a fish’s body that runs the length of the body and marks the location of sense organs that detect vibrations in water

Question 5

gill

Answer 5

a respiratory organ in which oxygen from the water is exchanged with carbon dioxide from the blood

Question 6

Jawless

Answer 6

suction cup like mouth that has teeth.

Question 7

Cartilaginous fishes

Answer 7

Chondrichthyes is a class that contains the cartilaginous fishes that have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or bony fishes, which have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue.

Question 8

bony fish

Answer 8

Osteichthyes, popularly referred to as the bony fish, is a diverse taxonomic group of fish that have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. They can be contrasted with the Chondrichthyes, which have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage.

Question 9

swim bladder

Answer 9

a gas-filled sac that is used to control buoyancy; also known as a gas bladder

Question 10

lung

Answer 10

a respiratory organ in which oxygen from the air is exchanged with carbon dioxide from the blood

Question 11

tad pole

Answer 11

the aquatic, fish-shaped larva of a frog or toad

Question 12

metamorphosis

Answer 12

a phase in the life cycle of many animals during which a rapid change from the immature form of an organism to the adult form takes place

Question 13

caecilians

Answer 13

Caecilians are a group of limbless, vermiform or serpentine amphibians. They mostly live hidden in the ground and in stream substrates, making them the least familiar order of amphibians.

Question 14

Salamanders

Answer 14

Salamanders are a group of amphibians typically characterized by a lizard-like appearance, with slender bodies, blunt snouts, short limbs projecting at right angles to the body, and the presence of a tail in both larvae and adults. All 10 present-day salamander families are grouped together under the order Urodela.

Question 15

frogs

Answer 15

A frog is any member of a diverse and largely carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order Anura. The oldest fossil “proto-frog” appeared in the early Triassic of Madagascar, but molecular clock dating suggests their origins may extend further back to the Permian, 265 million years ago.

Question 16

toads

Answer 16

Toad is a common name for certain frogs, especially of the family Bufonidae, that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and large bumps covering the parotoid glands.

Question 17

amniotic egg

Answer 17

a type of egg that is surrounded by a membrane, the amnion, and that in reptiles, birds, and egg-laying mammals contains a large amount of yolk and is surrounded by a shell

Question 18

turtles

Answer 18

Turtles are reptiles of the order Chelonia or Testudines. They are characterized by a special bony or cartilaginous shell developed from their ribs that acts as a shield. Colloquially, the word “turtle” is generally restricted to fresh-water and sea-dwelling Testudines.

Question 19

tortoises

Answer 19

Tortoises are reptile species of the family Testudinidae of the order Testudines. They are particularly distinguished from other turtles by being exclusively land-dwelling, while many other turtle species are at least partly aquatic.

Question 20

crocodiles

Answer 20

Crocodiles or true crocodiles are large semiaquatic reptiles that live throughout the tropics in Africa, Asia, the Americas and Australia. Crocodylinae, all of whose members are considered true crocodiles, is classified as a biological subfamily

Question 21

alligators

Answer 21

An alligator is a crocodilian in the genus Alligator of the family Alligatoridae. The two extant species are the American alligator and the Chinese alligator. Additionally, several extinct species of alligator are known from fossil remains.

Question 22

snake

Answer 22

Snakes are elongated, limbless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes. Like all other squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales.

Question 23

lizards

Answer 23

Lizards are a widespread group of squamate reptiles, with over 6,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most oceanic island chains.

Question 24

tuataras

Answer 24

Tuatara are reptiles endemic to New Zealand, belonging to the genus Sphenodon. Although resembling most lizards, they are part of a distinct lineage, the order Rhynchocephalia. Their name derives from the Māori language, and means “peaks on the back”