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Zoology > Fishes > Flashcards

Fishes Flashcards

1
Q

What fins did fishes evolve?

A

Pectoral and pelvic fins

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2
Q

What did the fins do?

A

Paired fins gave fishes more control of body movement while the tail fin gave greater thrust when swimming

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3
Q

What are the two major groups of fishes?

A

Chondrichthyes

Osteichthyes

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4
Q

What are Chondrichthyes?

A

Modern sharks and rays; skeleton made of strong resilient cartilage

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5
Q

What are Osteichthyes?

A

Evolved fish with a skeleton made of bone

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6
Q

What steps does the food follow in the digestive tract of a shark?

A
  1. Mouth
  2. Pharynx
  3. Esophagus
  4. Stomach
  5. Pyloric ceca
  6. Pancreas/liver
  7. Intestine
  8. Anus
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7
Q

How to fish breathe?

A

They use their gills to exchange gasses by pulling oxygen rich water in through their mouths, pumping it over their gill filaments, and pushing oxygen poor water out through openings in the sides of the pharynx

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8
Q

How does blood circulate in a fish?

A

It goes in a single loop around the body from the heart to the gills, from the gills to the rest of the body and then back to the heart

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9
Q

What are the four parts of the heart?

A

Sinus venosus
Atrium
Ventricle
Bulbous arteriosis

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10
Q

What is the sinus venosus

A

A chamber that receives blood and forces it into the atrium

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11
Q

What is the atrium

A

Receives oxygen deprives blood from the sinus venosus

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12
Q

What is the function of that ventricle?

A

It pumps blood to the gills/lungs

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13
Q

What is the bulbous arteriosis?

A

Chamber that receives blood from the ventricle before heading throughout body through aorta

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14
Q

The kidneys of salt water fishes pump out concentrated urine

A

Low water content, high salt

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15
Q

The kidneys of fresh water fishes pump out dilute urine

A

High water content, low salt

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16
Q

What do the olfactory bulbs do?

A

They’re involved with the sense of smell or olfaction

17
Q

What does the cerebrum do?

A

It’s responsible for all the voluntary activities but primarily processes the sense of smell

18
Q

What does the optic lobe process?

A

Sight

19
Q

What does the cerebellum do?

A

Coordinates body movement

20
Q

What does the medulla oblongata do?

A

It controls the function of many inside organs

21
Q

Starting with the weird diving path at the top, what order does everything go in the fish brain?

A 
Olfactory bulbs 
Cerebrum
Optic lobe
Cerebellum
Medulla oblongata
22
Q

What do fish use the lateral line system for?

A

To sense the motion of other fishes/predators

23
Q

What is the function of the swim bladder?

A

It’s full of gas and controls buoyancy

24
Q

How do fish move?

A

They contract paired sets of muscles in either side of the backbone

25
Q

What are agnathan fishes?

A

Jawless

26
Q

Do jawless fishes have a bone or cartilage skeleton?

A

Cartilage

27
Q

What are the two classes of jawless fishes?

A

Lamprey and hagfish

28
Q

Fish whose embryos develop and hatch outside the mothers body

A

Oviparous

29
Q

The eggs stay in the mothers body after internal fertilization and use the yolk from the egg for nourishment

A

Ovoviviparous

Ex: guppies

30
Q

The eggs stay in the mothers body after internal fertilization and use the mothers body for nourishment

A

Viviparous (this species is born alive)

31
Q

What is in the class chondrithyes?

A 
Sharks
Rays
Skates
Sawfish
Chimaeras
32
Q

Fish that spend most of their lives in the ocean. It migrate to fresh water to breed

A

Anadromous

33
Q

Class sarcopterugii

A

Lobe-finned fishes are ancestors to the tetrapods and have lungs and gills

34
Q

How many living species of bony fishes are not classified as ray-finned?

A

7

35
Q

Example of class actinopterygii

A

Bichir
Atlantic sturgeon
Paddlefish

Zoology (5 decks)

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