Fisheries and Aquaculture Flashcards
positives and negatives of fisheries
+Renewable source, +Food security, +Employment, +Cultural identity, -Waste, -Conflict, -Environmental damage
Catch
caught in net or line - not always kept
Landings
Everything caught thats bought back
Discards
catch thrown away instead of bought in
Bycatch
species caught unintentionally
Commercial/Industrial
big boats more gear, business owned large scale for profit
Artisinal/Small scale
smaller vessels, sold on smaller scale
Small scale impact?
Millions of small boats catching in productive zones. Small scale doesnt mean small scale impact.
Lots of different gear for fishing
Commercial methods consist of angling, hand line, demersal long line, floating long line, drift nets, set nets, purse seine, bottom otter trawl, pelagic trawl. Artisinal methods have great diversity
Stock or Populations
Subdivision of a species that are almost completely reproductivley separated
Usually separate spawning areas. Often separate nursery and feeding areas.
Can be temporal (odd/even year stocks pink salmon as they spend two years at sea)
Tragedy of the commons
Common resources gets ruined due to everyone using it, unsustainable taking from the resource
Fishing down the food web
Fishing largest animals first, moving down when largest are gone to second largest etc… Until nothing worthwile is left
Shifting baselines
Fish caught used to be much larger, different baseline we aspire to meet now with fishing
Ocean hope spots
Places that still have ecological integrity due to just line fishing etc
Mechanisms to improve things
Time area closures
Zoning
Quotas
Gear modification
Marine protected areas
Aquaculture
