Fish

Question 1

What are gills

Answer 1

Made of numerous thin filaments supported by a bony arch

Question 2

What are filaments made from

Answer 2

Thin delicate plated called lamellae containing capillaries

Question 3

What does fish blood contain and what does this allow

Answer 3

Haemoglobin which carts oxygen away from gills maintaining a height conc gradient

Question 4

Adaptations
Large surface area

Answer 4

Gills which include lots of filaments and lamella

Question 5

Adaption
Short diffusion distance

Answer 5

Lamella very thin so blood flowing through them is only a short distance from the water

Question 6

Adaptions
High conc gradient

Answer 6

Counter current- blood and the water flow over lamella in opposite directions to maintain concentration gradient across WHOLE FISH LAMELLA

Question 7

Adaptions
Moist surface

Answer 7

O2 already dissolved into water for diffusion into capillaries = quicker diffusion

Question 8

the volume water passing over gills increases if the temperature of the water increases why?

Answer 8

Less oxygen in water when temp increases.
In High temp there is a higher rate of enzyme activity which needs more oxygen

Question 9

Describe and explain how the fish maintains a flow of water over its gills

Answer 9

• mouth opens operculum valve shuts
• floor of mouth lowered
• water enters due to decreased pressure
• mouth closes operculum valve opens
• floor raised results in an increase in pressure
• high pressure pushes water over gills