fisdap cardiology Flashcards
64 yo states “I am about to die” NTG/O2 did not decrease chest pain, BP 90/66, P60, R24
transport immediately
Largest artery?
Aorta
Struck by lightning >
irregular heartbeat
Oriented 78 yo, Female with pale, moist skin complaints of indigestion, BP 80/40, P116 irregular, R 24 regular
MI
73 yo Female, chest pain and shortness of breath , bilateral crackles, BP 80/40, P112 R 22
Cardiogenic shock
49 yo male, history of heart problems, has chest pressure, shortness of breath. Assist in taking prescribed NTG if he:
headache BP 132/90
Child in cardiac arrest with unknown downtime
CPR & AED
When do coronary arteries fill with blood?
diastole
Vessels that supply myocardium
coronary artery
Sudden onset of tearing chest pain, absent radial pulse on right arm, history of high blood pressure
aortic dissection
Heart lacks enough power to pump the proper volume of blood through circulatory system
cardiogenic shock
40 yo with history of coronary artery disease and recent mastectomy complains of chest discomfort, P 120, R 22, BP 80/54
septic shock
76 yo female, tripod position, complaints of abdominal
discomfort, nausea, dizziness, fatigue. Taken 2 NTG
without relief.
MI
78 yo diabetic with syncopal episodes complaints of
anxiety, shortness of breath, back pain
acute coronary syndrome
Cardiac arrest for 7 minutes after struck by lightning
CPR
Primary assessment, 57 yo female, has chest pain at
epigastric region. What should you do?
Administer 02
Aspirin’s effect on the body for AMI
prevent platelets from clotting
65 yo male, complains of weakness and indigestion, BP
150/90 P 116 R24
MI
A buildup of calcium and cholesterol form plaque inside
blood vessels most likely causes
Acute coronary syndrome (OR ATHEROSCLEROSIS)
Shocked patient back into normal rhythm with AED.
During transport, patient becomes cyanotic and pulseless
CPR and request ambulance to stop
67 yo male, history of asthma, complains of chest
tightness and shortness of breath. Took 1 NTG without
relief. Skin is pale and sweaty. sPO2: 76%
Administer 02 by NBR
Cause of heart failure
inadequate ejection of blood from ventricles
44 yo Female awakened with shortness of breath,
indigestion, epigastric pressure, and antacids do not help
MI
Within 2 minutes of assisting patient with 3rd NTG tablet,
complaints of dizziness and is sweaty. Radial pulse is
present, rapid and weak.
NTG causes vasodilation and decreased perfusion
60 yo complain of shortness of breath and is cyanotic. Has crackles and uses accessory muscles.
Left heart failure
Muscular middle layer of heart
Myocardium
57 yo female has severe weakness with mild shortness of
breath while shoveling snow. Is diaphoretic and has nausea
and jaw pain.
MI
Sudden, severe increase of blood pressure
hypertensive crisis
Vessels that regulate regional blood flow to capillary beds
Arterioles
Chronic hypertension in adults begin at pressure higher than
140/90
54 yo male has chest tightness after raking leaves. Pain is gone after rest and 2 NTG tablets. He has had similar episodes in the past.
angina pectoris
Primary action of NTG
dilates coronary artery
Substernal chest pain with radiating pain to back and jaw. Pain not relieved with rest.
AMI
54 yo female is suddenly pulseless and apneic
give chest compressions
Aspirin is given to patients with chest pain because
decrease the ability of platelet clotting
67 yo male complains of shortness of breath, chest pain,
nausea. He is ashen and clammy. BP 90/60, P 148, R 32
place in supine
48 yo complain of difficult breathing, history reveals AMI
8 months ago. BP 144/88, P 110, R 24. Crackles in lungs
Pulmonary edema
Signs and symptoms of cardiogenic shock
JVD
62 yo male complains of chest pain and lightheadedness.
BP 88/56, P 126, R 18
Supine
Asthmatic 50 yo female sitting at her desk, is anxious and
complains of tightness in chest
Call medical control
68 yo female with cardiac history is complaining of
shortness of breath and crackles bilateral
CHF
48 yo male is complaining of 8/10 crushing chest pain that
radiates to neck. BP 112/78, P 60, R18. Daily
medications= metoprolol, Cialis, aspirin
transport immediately
46 yo male in cardiac arrest, had 1 shock, and at 2 minute
pulse check = carotid pulse is strong
assess for breathing and manage airway
36 yo female with history of congenital heart defects is
slow to respond. Skin is pale, cool, and clammy. BP 68/30,
P 128, R 26
cardiogenic shock
80 yo male has shortness of breath, fatigue, peripheral
edema and JVD. Has crackles and rhonchi.
CHF
84 yo with history of heart problems complains of chest
pain that started 30 minutes ago while at rest. BP 110/70, R
20, sPO2 95%
administer NTG
Adult pulse of 50
Bradycardic
69 yo male is lying in bed and has chest pain. He becomes
unresponsive and pulseless.
Move to hard surface
Systolic blood pressure measures pressure during
ventricular contraction
Most likely to benefit from AED
54 yo choking patient who is unresponsive with no
carotid pulse
NTG is typically administered
Sublingually
Adult patient in cardiac arrest with bystander CPR in
progress
continue CPR while partner attaches AED
Adult collapses. As you get the AED a bystander starts
CPR. You should deliver 1st shock if indicated,
ASAP on arrival at patient’s side
Patient complains of chest pain radiating to both
shoulders. Is pale, diaphoretic, slight shortness of breath.
Pain worsens with deep breaths. BP 150/90, P 120
irregular, R 20
Costochondritis
Pulmonary artery carries
Deoxygenated blood away from the heart
EMR is doing CPR. Upon arrival AED indicates shock
advised
defibrillate patient
Cardiac arrest patient is “down” for 6 minutes without
care
chest compression
A just defibrillated patient who now has a pulse and
effective respirations
Recovery
75 yo male has weakness and chest pain. He has not taken prescription medications (NTG, aspirin, atenolol)
medical control to assist with NTG
66 yo female has chest pain. Took 3 doses of NTG with
no relief.
administer O2
While performing chest compressions
shoulders should be over your hands
Most important part in CPR
minimal interruptions to chest compressions
Patient collapsed and is revived with 1 shock from the
AED. Now is moaning and breathing on her own.
turn on side and monitor airway
CPR rate on a 17 yo female
120 compressions/min
