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Forensic Science 20500 > FIS Exam 2 > Flashcards

FIS Exam 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What do document examiners do most of their time?

A
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2
Q

What is an example of an erasure?

A
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2
Q

What type of instrument detects indented writing?

A
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3
Q

What detects for altered or obliterated writings?

A

Video Spectral Comparator
Obliterating = scratching out

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4
Q

A written document asking to be produced is an example of what?

A

Requested exemplar

Dis-advantages- handwriting may be altered to disguise
Advantages- the process is controlled

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5
Q

What is examined in machine made documents?

A

Factory errors, defects in printing mechanisms

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6
Q

What is a characteristic used to compare handwriting samples?

A

Distancing, slantings, height, connections

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7
Q

Can a questioned document examiner determine the emotional mindset of the writer?

A

No
Age and gender cannot be determined eitherq

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8
Q

What are the three types of signatures?

A

hand printing, stylized, and mixture

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9
Q

What type of fingerprint pattern is used to determine the Henry Classification Value?

A

Whorls

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10
Q

What is the formula for the Henry Classification Value?

A

Evens + 1/ Odds + 1

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11
Q

Patent Print

A

visible to the naked eye

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12
Q

Latent Print

A

invisible to naked eye

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13
Q

Plastic Print

A

3D impressions

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14
Q

Loops are the most common fingerprint pattern, what type of loop form ridges that enter/exit toward the little finger?

A

Ulnar Loop

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15
Q

What type of loop form ridges that enter/exit toward the thumb?

A

Radial loop

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16
Q

What is the difference between a plain arch and a tented arch?

A

Plain arches do not have a a deep delta extending upwards

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17
Q

What is a whorl?

A

A pattern that is completely circular and does not extend to the edges of the finger

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18
Q

What is a Central Pocket Loop

A

It appears as a loop, but has a pocket in the center resembling a whorl.

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19
Q

During which stage of development are friction ridges formed?

A

Fetal Development

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20
Q

At what point do friction ridge patterns change?

A

They do not, they may grow, but the pattern will stay the same.

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21
Q

Name a chemical visualization method of latent prints on porous surfaces

A

Ninhydrin

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22
Q

When was fingerprinting first used in the US?

A

1902

23
Q

What levels are used to identify fingerprints to an individual?

A

Level 2 may be used, but level 3 will be as well

24
Q

In firearms analysis, what is “rifling”?

A

Lands and grooves

25
Q

Striations, used to individualize a bullet to a firearm, are produced from what part of the firearm barrel?

A

Made by lands and grooves
Raised portion on the bullet is called groove mark.

26
Q

What is the purpose of the magazine?

A

Holds a large quantity of ammunition

27
Q

What type of firearm does not have lands and grooves?

A

Shotgun

28
Q

What is first done during a firearm examination?

A

Check for safety

29
Q

What residue is used to determine distance of fired weapon using the Greiss Test?

A
30
Q

What are the three components to gunshot residue?

A
31
Q

What are the components of ammunition?

A
32
Q

What type of impression is left on a clean surface?

A
33
Q

What type of impression is left on a dirty surface?

A
34
Q

How many points need to be compared for impression evidence?

A
35
Q

What type of casting is most commonly used?

A
36
Q

What is the first step in collection of footwear impressions?

A
37
Q

Does a toolmark make the same impression every time?

A
38
Q

Marks made by a lateral force parallel to the surface are called?

A
39
Q

Marks made perpendicular to the surface are called?

A
40
Q

What chemical is used to restore serial numbers?

A
41
Q

An arrangement, orientation, or shape of macroscopic toolmark features that are consistent with a particular shape of tool surface is an example of what type of class?

A
42
Q

What is disrupted when the surface is stamped with an alphanumeric dye?

A

crystalline structure

43
Q

What is a questioned document and how is it analyzed?

A
44
Q

What do question document examiners do and how?

A
45
Q

How is handwriting disguised?

A
45
Q

What is the difference between a request and non-request exemplar?

A
46
Q

What causes erasures, obliterations, charred, and indented writings and how they are detected?

A
47
Q

How are the age of documents determined?

A
48
Q

Where do fingerprints come from, how are fingerprints left behind?

A
49
Q

What are the different techniques used in processing latent fingerprints? When is each technique used?

A
50
Q

How are fingerprints identified? What is IAFIS?

A
51
Q

What is the difference between a handgun and a shotgun?

A
52
Q

Can toolmark and firearm evidence be unique?

A
53
Q

How is ammunition fired through the barrel?

A
54
Q

What type of microscope is used for firearm comparisons?

A
55
Q

How is impression evidence individualized?

A

Forensic Science 20500 (1 decks)

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