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Clinical skills > First year > Flashcards

First year Flashcards

1
Q

Points to be covered in a resp history

A 
Cough 
Sputum 
Haemoptysis 
Chest pain 
Breathlessness 
Wheeze 
Hoarseness 
Recent travel 
Pets 
Night sweats (are they immunocompromised in any way?)
Fever 
Anything changed recently?
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2
Q

Points to be covered in a cardio history

A 
Chest pain 
Palpitations 
Syncope 
Pre-syncope 
SoB 
Ankle oedema/intermittent claudication 
Exercise tolerance 
Orthopnoea
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3
Q

General red flags

A

Blood loss
Weight loss
Fatigue

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4
Q

Specific red flags for a resp history

A

Hoarseness

+smoking

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5
Q

Specific red flags for a resp history

A

Hoarseness

+smoking

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6
Q

What do you look for in the hands in resp exam

A 
Tar staining 
Finger clubbing 
Peripheral cyanosis 
Palmar erythema 
CO2 retention flap/ B agonist flap 
Thin skin/bruising on wrists
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7
Q

Tar staining is related to

A

smoking

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8
Q

Finger clubbing in resp

A 
Abscess
B
Cancer 
Don't say COPD
Emphysema 
Fibrosis
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9
Q

If percussion is resonant what does this mean?

A

normal finding

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10
Q

What do you say if nothing abnormal is heard during auscultation in a resp exam

A

Bilateral visceral breathing with no added breath sounds

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11
Q

What are you looking for in the face when carrying out a resp exam?

A

Jaundice of the sclera
Pallor of the conjunctiva
Plethoric appearance
Central cyanosis

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12
Q

Someone has low BP and fast pulse rate, what do you administer?

A

0.9% 500ml saline solution, after inserting two wide boar cannulas (grey/orange/brown) into either arm.

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13
Q

Things to ask in a GI history

A 
Appetite 
Weight 
Heartburn 
Dysphagia 
Abdo pain 
Nausea 
Vomitting 
Bowel function 
Hematemesis
Blood 
Ulcers
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14
Q

Where can the femoral pulse be located?

A

1/2 way between ASIS and pubic symphysis

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15
Q

What must you say you would also consider doing when carrying out a peripheral vascular exam?

A

I would also consider trying to find the femoral pulse.

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16
Q

At the end of an abdo exam, what must you say you would also consider examining if indicated?

A

Hernial orifice exam and PR.

17
Q

Stages of a peripheral vascular exam.

A

Inspect legs and in between toes, also do cap refill.
Feel for the three pulses - popliteal, posterior tibia, and the dorsalis pedis.
SAY YOU WOULD ALSO LOOK FOR FEMORAL PULSE.

18
Q

Stages of an oral exam.

A

Feel TMJ - ask patient to open and close.
Feel lymph nodes.
Patient to open mouth, stick tongue out, put it to roof of mouth, then using gauze pull to either side of mouth (flash light to see far back), then finally flatten tongue with stick.
REMEMBER TO COMMENT ON DENTITION.

19
Q

What is angular stomatitis and Add to dictionary a sign of?

A

Iron deficiency anaemia

20
Q

Leukoplakia in risk areas are a sign of?

A

Oral cancer.

21
Q

Normal cap refill time

A

<2 secs

22
Q

For GI , koilonychia is a sign of

A

iron deficiency anaemia

23
Q

In GI, leukonychia is a sign of

A

Hypoalbunaemia

24
Q

Finger clubbing in a GI exam is a sign of?

A

Chronic liver cirrhosis (it is however non-specific)

25
Q

Palmar erythema in GI

A

Liver disease`

26
Q

Hepatic flap in GI

A

Liver failure

27
Q

What do you look for in the face in a GI exam?

A 
Pallor 
Jaundice 
Kayser flesher rings (wilsons disease) 
Corneal arcus 
Xanthelasma 
Mouth exam
28
Q

Troisers sign?

A

Lymphadenopathy of the supraclavicular lymph nodes indicative of cancer of the stomach/lung apices etc

29
Q

Bilateral parotid gland swelling is indicative of?

A

Chronic alcohol abuse/bulimia

30
Q

Absence of bowel sounds on auscultation indicates?

A

Gallstone ileus

31
Q

Tinkling bowel sounds on auscultation indicates?

A

Bowel obstruction

32
Q

Unilateral oedema of the legs (when found in a GI exam) could indicate?

A

Ovarian cancer/GI cancer.

if bilateral it is normal - may have a cause from an alternate system

33
Q

What do you do right after inspection the hands in a cardio exam?

A

Pulse, radial-radial delay check, and collapsing pulse, THEN move onto bp etc

Clinical skills (2 decks)

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