First World War Flashcards
4 causes of WW1
nationalism, imperialism, alliances, militarism
trigger of WW1
assassination of Franz Ferdinand
nationalism
advocacy of or support for the political independence and sovereignty over their homeland of a particular nation or group of people
imperialism
extending a country’s power and influence through colonization
militarism
belief that a state should maintain a strong military capability and to use it aggressively to expand national interests and/or values
why did Europeans want to colonize Africa?
raw materials (diamond, gold, copper, rubber), land, trade, slaves, exploration, power
how could Europeans colonize Africa so easily?
better weapons, transport, communication, quinine, used regional rivalries to their advantage, huge sums of money poured into colonisation
what kind of people were most people living in Bosnia? what were their opinions?
Serbian, Bosnian, Croat; many Serbs in particular wanted for Bosnia to leave Austria-Hungary and merge with Serbia to form a Greater Kingdom of Serbia
what was the terrorist organisation set up by some Bosnian Serbs called?
the Black Hand, in 1911
who killed Franz Ferdinand?
Gavrilo Princep
who were the assassins before Princep and why did they fail to kill?
Muhamed Mehmedbasic, because he lost his nerve then blamed it on a police;
Nedjelko Cabrinovic, because the driver avoided the bomb
why did the Black Hand want to assassinate Franz Ferdinand?
- Franz suggested once he becomes king, Bosnia would gain a bit of independence by having its own parliament etc., so the Black Hands were afraid that would make less people want Bosnia to gain full independence
- to create chaos and make it harder for Austria-Hungary to control them
2 alliances
The Triple Alliance, formed in 1882: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
The Triple Entente, formed in 1907:
UK, France, Russia
how did Germany react to the assassination and the conflict between Austria-Hungary and Serbia?
gave full support for Austria-Hungary by giving them a “blank cheque” as they thought that it had to be done quickly before the other Greater Powers could react -> moblise the army fully when the Russian army did, while writing to his cousin the Russian Tsar to ask for peace (but it was not a serious attempt) -> move troops to the French border, ready to attack (offence is the best form of defence) -> Schlieffen Plan
Schlieffen Plan
Germany attac
