First Unit/Chapter Test Flashcards
Parenting
Providing care, support and love in a way that leads to a child’s total development
Parent
A natural (biological) parent or guardian, who raises, shapes, and influences the life of their children
What are the responsibilities of a parent?
Nurturing, protecting, teaching, guiding
Nurturing
Encourage growth and development; help children to be the best that they can be; shows love and support
Protecting
Must pay attention to dangers all the time; be able to think ahead
Teaching
Looking for opportunities to teach children; skills such as critical thinking, creativity and problem solving can be practiced with the help of parents.
Guiding
Shapes behaviour and attitudes; learn how to cope with the world and build relationships
Erik Erikson
(Personality) human development unfolds naturally in 8 stages, each with an emotional task to be mastered such as trust, autonomy, initiative, industry, etc. person who masters the task of each stage and moves to the next develops well emotionally
Jean Piaget
(Intellect) intellectual stages that children go through as their mind develops. Sensori-Motor (Birth-2), pre-operational (2-7), concrete operational (7-11), formal operation (11+)
Sensori-motor
(Birth-2) begins to act intentionally
Pre-operational
(2-7) learns to use language, but finds it difficult to take another viewpoint
Concrete operational
(7-11) can think logically and achieves conversation
Formal operational
(11+) can think logically and achieves conversation
Sigmund freud
(Psychiatry) theorizes childhood experiences, even when forgotten, affect a persons actions and personality as an adult. Unconscious motives have the strongest effect on personality.
Maria Montessori
(Education) practicing motor skills (movement) helps children interact with their environment. Montessori believed that parents/teachers must provide the right materials when children are ready to master particular skills.
What are the 3 parenting types
Authoritarian, permissive, democratic (authoritative)
Authoritarian
- low love, high limits
- giving orders
- most traditional parenting style
Permissive
- high love, low limits
- giving in
- parents have difficulty setting firm limits and are inconsistent
Democratic
- high love, high limits
- giving choices
- balance of freedom & responsibility, make wiser choices, cope w/ change
What are the stages of family development
Beginning stage, expanding stage, developing stage, launching stage, middle years, retirement years
Beginning stage
Newly married
Must learn to communicate, manage finances, new home, find social groups
Expanding stage
Children join family
Parents deal with pregnancy and birth process
Adjust to demands of young children
Developing stage
Parents still actively involved
Same time, parents need to meet their own needs
Maintain relationship
Launching stage
Following high school or post secondary education
Children now young adults
Encouraged to be independent
Middle years
Children gone
Empty nest
Focus on their own hobbies & interests
Some split up
Retirement years
Financial security and good health are important assets during this time
Deal with aging process
Maslows Hierarchy of Needs
Self-actualization needs Esteem needs Social needs Safety needs Physiological needs
Self-actualization needs
Fulfillment
Reaching potential
Feeling of success in relationships, career, community involvement
Esteem needs
Self-respect Self esteem Achievement Confidence Appreciation
Social needs
Love
Affection
Belonging
Safety needs
Freedom from bodily threat
Psychological security
Physiological needs
Food
Clothing
Shelter
Role
A part one plays when interacting w others
Extended family
Family unit consisting of all the immediate relatives in a family
Nuclear family
Mother, father, 1+ biological or adopted children
Single-parent family
Only one parent and 1+ children
Blended family
Two parents, one or both of whom have children from a previous relationship
Step parent
Person who’s spouse has children from earlier relationship
Diplomacy
Using tact and skill when dealing with others
