First Trinal Lesson Reviewer Flashcards
Refers to the infrastructure design for collecting, treating, storing, and distributing water.
WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM
Refers to the entire system responsible for providing clean water to communities.
WATER WORKS
Ensure water quality and safety before it enters the distribution system.
SUPPLY WORKS
Ensure water quality and safety before it enters the distribution system.
SUPPLY WORKS
The pipeline extending from the water source to the treatment works or distribution system.
SUPPLY LINE
The essential framework that enables the continuous flow of clean, potable water to our homes, businesses, and industries.
WATER INFRASTRUCTURES
Carry water within the system.
PIPELINES
Large pipes that move water across long distances.
TRANSMISSION MAINS
Smaller pipes that distribute water locally.
DISTRIBUTION MAINS
Connect individual properties to the main.
Service Laterals
Reservoirs and tanks store water for peak demand periods.
STORAGE STRUCTURES
Boost water pressure and move it through the system.
PUMP STATIONS
Regulate pressure to prevent pipe bursts.
PRESSURE REDUCING STATIONS
Control water flow, isolate sections, and allow maintenance.
VALVES
Connect pipes at different angles.
ANGLE JOINTS
Provides emergency water access.
FIRE HYDRANTS
Measure water usage.
METERS
These system supply water to the same population year-round.
COMMUNITY WATER SYSTEM (CWS)
Regularly supplies water to at least 25 of the same people for at least six months per year.
NON-TRANSIENT NON-COMMUNITY WATER SYSTEM (NTNCWS)
Provides water to transient populations, such as campground, hotels, or restaurants. These systems serve people who are not permanent residents.
TRANSIENT NON-COMMUNITY WATER SYSTEM (TNCWS)
In this system, water flows in one direction, often leading to dead-end pipes.
DEAD-END OR TREE DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
Water flows in a grid pattern, allowing for efficient distribution across neighborhoods and commercial areas.
GRIDIRON DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
Properly sized pipes based on flow rates, pressure losses, and anticipated demand.
PIPE SIZING
Ensure adequate pressure for consistent water delivery.
PRESSURE REQUIREMENT
Use natural gravity to distribute water.
GRAVITY-FED SYSTEMS
Pump water to achieve desire pressure.
PRESSURIZED SYSTEMS
Regularly test water for contaminants, pH, and disinfection effectiveness.
WATER QUALITY TESTING
Service pumps, values, and meters regularly. Inspect for leaks, corrosion and wear.
EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE
Follow safety guidelines during system installation.
CONSTRUCTION
Educate users on safe practices. Implement emergency shutdown procedures.
OPERATION
Defined as the art and science of installing pipes, fixtures and other apparatus to convey and supply water in buildings and to dispose and discharge watse water.
Plumbing
A title that is given to a person who is skilled in the field of sanitation.
Plumber
The word plumber is derive from the ancient roman word PLUMBARIUS which was taken from the latin word _____.
Plumbum
Refers to an individual who worked in the sanitary field of ancient rome.
Plumbarius
Plumbum means _____. It is a metal that used as plumbing by the romans.
Lead
Two objective of plumbing:
1.) To supply water to different parts of the building.
2.) To remove and discharge human wastes and other substances out of building into the public sewer or septic tank.
Two conditions for water supply:
1.) To provide sufficient amount of water to supply each fixture.
2.) To prevent back flow of used water into the water supply system.
Two Drainage system accomplishment:
1.) Fast removal of the waste with a minimum probability of leakage and stoppage of drains.
2.) To prevent the entry of house vermin and obnoxious gasses into the house from the piping system.
Any pipe that conveys waste from various fixture.
Waste pipe
Pipes that convey waste coming from water closet.
Soil pipe
This kind of pipe can accept both wastes from the water closet and the fixtures.
Soil pipe
DMV means?
Drainage of solid waste, Waste coming from various fixtures onther than water closet, Ventilation of piping system.
A round, hollow channel used to transport liquids.
Pipe
A high-strength thermoplastic material. Worlds third-mostwidel produced synthetic plastic polymer.
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
An essentially iron that’s been coated with a protective zinc layer on the outside.
Galvanized iron
It Enhances corrosion resistance and durability.
Chrome copper
Most popular water supply pipe material. Also used in water space heating.
Copper tube
Threaded for fitting connections, but this requires thicker walls to accommodate the threading. Zinc is being used as water supply piping.
Red brass pipe
A flexible pipe material that is constructed of an aluminum tube laminated between two layers of polyethylene thermoplastic.
Composite pipe
A variety of fittings must be used to connect pipe lengths and make all pipe turns, branch lines, couplings, that join the straight runs, and stops at the end of the runs.
Plumbing fittings
Usually at 45° and 90° are angular fittings used to change direction of a supply pipe.
Elbows
Used in a supply system when a line must branch off at a straight run.
Tees
It can accept two or three branches before combining flow into one pipe.
Sanitary Y
Used to join straight ruins of pipe.
Couplings
A straight fitting used to decrease the diameter in a pipe in a water supply system.
Reducer
A straight fitting used to increase the diameter in a pipe in a sanitary drainage system.
Increaser
A manual, compression - type valve, commonly used where there is occasional or periodic use, such as lavatories and hose connections.
Globe valve
A manual valve in operation to the globe valve. It is commonly used for outside hose bibs.
Angle valve
Opens to allow the flow water in the direction desired and prevents flow in the other direction.
Check valve
Two types of check valve:
Swing types and Spring types
A manual valve that has a ball with a hole through it that is mounted between two seats.
Ball valve
Used to seal water, air, and gas from leaking through threaded connections
Teflon
Capable of dissolving one or several substances.
Solvent
An approved receptacle, device, or appliance that uses water and discharge wastewater.
Plumbing fixtures
A plumbing fixture that serves as an indoor receptacle and removal system for human waste.
Water closet
Commonly used in public restrooms where it is desirable to reduce possible contamination of the water closet seats.
Urinals
An overhead nozzle that sprays water down on the bather.
Showerhead
Are personal hygiene plumbing fixtures used for genital and perineal cleanliness.
Bidet
A plumbing fixtures used for bathing.
Bathtub
A bathroom basin or sink used for personal hygiene.
Lavatory
Most commonly made of enameled cast iron or stainless steel.
Kitchen sink
Normal temperature for water
120°F / 48.89°C
The process of warming water for personal use.
Domestic water heating
A deviced that used natural gas to heat water.
Gas geyser
He invented the gas geyser deviced
Benjamin waddy maughan
Redesign and patented maughan’s device
Edwin rudd
He invented the climax system
Clarence kemp
It used solar panels for heating the water.
Climax system
The year where the tankless water heater made its debut
1970
The year of the golden period for water heater inventions
1990
The year of the golden period for water heater inventions
1990
Developed to provide pre-heated water circulating throughout your home or business on demand
Heated circulation systen
Plumbin apparatus designed to heat water for domestic commercial use.
Water heater
Reduce water waste by providing hot water quickly.
Water conversation
Use less energy to heat water.
Energy conservation
Provide immediate access to hot water for various household needs.
Hoe water on demand
Four types of Energy sources
Electricity, propane, natural gas, oil
A system that heat and stores large volumes of hot water in an insulated tank.
Storage tank water heater
A device that heats water on demand as its passes through the unit, without storing any water.
Instantaneous water heater
A type of water heater that continously circulates hot water through a system of pipes.
Circulating water heaters
Demands hot water without a seperate storage tank.
Tankless coil
Uses the main furnace or boiler to heat fluid.
Indirect water heater
A device that heats water by extracting heat from the sorrounding air and transferring it to the water while releasing cool air as a by product.
Heat pump water heaters
A device that heats water using energy from the sun.
Solar water heater
A process that reduces the temperature of superhead gasses and vapors.
Desuperheaters
A plumbing system that moves hot water to fixtures without waiting for the water to get hot.
Hot water recirculating systems
Constantly recirculates water from the water heater through the piping.
Continuous recirculation
Uses an electronic or electromechanical timer to shut off the hot water circulation when the building is not occupied
Timed recirculating
Relies on sensor located at a remote location in the recirculating line that senses the water temperature.
Thermostatically controlled recirculating
Determine the rate of heat recovery and the duration required for the tank to be emptied.
Sizing storage tank water heaters
A device commonly found in our homes, whose purpose is to heat water.
Residential water heaters
Tells you how quickly a water heater can reheat the water.
Recovery rate (GPH)
Indicates the average amount of gas energy used by the heater to maintain or reach a desired water temperature.
Average gas-fired (BTUs)
Multiplying the burner input by 0.0009 approximates recovery rate
Natural gas-fired
Those powered by electricity, have recovery rates of about 1 gallon / hour per 250 watts.
Water heaters
