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First Trimester Ch. 3 > First Trimester > Flashcards

First Trimester Flashcards

Ch. 3

1
Q

when is the gestational age

A

from the first day of lmp

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2
Q

when is conceptual age

A

calculated from fertilization, 2 weeks less THAN GESTATIONAL AGE

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3
Q

what is TVS (transvaginal sono) used for

A

to identify a pregnancy 1 to 2 weeks earlier than TAS

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4
Q

what are the progression stages of pregnancy

A

embryonic period
fetal period

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5
Q

when is the embryonic period

A

from fertilization +8 weeks= 10 weeks GA

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6
Q

when is the fetal period

A

less than 10 weeks GA

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7
Q

when is hcg produced

A

on day 28

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8
Q

parts of the blastocyst

A

amniotic cavity
exocoelomic membrane
exocoelomic cavity

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9
Q

decidua

A

is the transformed endometrium during pregnancy

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10
Q

what are parts of the decidua

A

decidua basalis
decidua capsularis
decidua vera or parietalis

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11
Q

what surrounds the membrane

A

amnion

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12
Q

what is the double bleb sign

A

amnion and yolk sac

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13
Q

when does the double bleb sign fuse

A

it fuses with chorion by 12-16 weeks

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14
Q

when should chorioamniotic separation occur

A

by 16 weeks, can be a concern if not by then (anomaly)

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15
Q

*what is allantois

A

it is part of the connecting stalk of the embryo

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16
Q

what does allantois give rise to

A

the umbilical cord and bladder (urachus)

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17
Q

what connects the embryo to the yolk sac

A

viteline duct (omphalomesenteric)duct

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18
Q

what is another name for viteline duct

A

omphalomesenteric

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19
Q

what is the chorion

A

a trophoblast surrounds the blastocyst and becomes the placenta

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20
Q

how does the chorion appear

A

as an echogenic ring of the gestational sac

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21
Q

what does the chorion secrete

A

human chorionic gonadotropin hCG

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22
Q

what is the yolk sac responsible for

A

hematopoiesis an transfer of nutrients

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23
Q

what is hematopoiesis

A

blood formation

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24
Q

what does the yolk sac produce

A

alpha fetoprotein

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25
Q

when is secondary yolk sac seen

A

5-6 weeks

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26
Q

what is Meckle’s diverticulum

A

outpouching of the terminal ileum in adults

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27
Q

where does the intrauterine gestational sac lie

A

between decidua capsularis and decidua parietalis

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28
Q

what is DDSS

A

double decidual sac sign

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29
Q

pseudosac

A

associated with ectopic pregnancy

30
Q

how much does the gestational sac grow per day

A

1-2mm

31
Q

gestational sac without embryo

A

measure sac for GA- just inner wall to inner wall do not include the decidual fringe

32
Q

formula for GA

A

MSDmm+ 30

33
Q

formula for MSDmm

A

sac length+height + width

34
Q

weeks 3-8 the developing embryo is vulnerable to

A

teratogens

35
Q

what are the germ layers

A

endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

36
Q

when do the germ layers develop

A

weeks 3-8

37
Q

what forms the CNS

A

neural tube

38
Q

when is organogenesis complete by

A

10 weeks

39
Q

what does the neural tube develop into

A

the brain

40
Q

what are the three segments of the neural tube

A

forebrain (prosencephalon)
midbrain (mesencephalon)
hind brain ( rhombencephalon)

41
Q

spell other name for hind brain

A

rhombencephalon

42
Q

when is rhombencephalon seen by

A

10 weeks

43
Q

what is CRL

A

crown to rump length

44
Q

what is CRL used for

A

to obtain gestational dating

45
Q

what is the most accurate measurement during 1st trimester

A

CRL

46
Q

what do you exclude from CRL

A

extremeties and yolk sac, just measure head to butt

47
Q

when is CRL images

A

TAS by 6-7 weeks

48
Q

CRL formula

A

convert mm to cm
add 6.5
=GA in weeks

49
Q

FHR is documented in what mode

A

M mode

50
Q

What should the beats per minute be for FHR

A

120-160
140 bpm average

51
Q

low embryonic/ fetal HR

A

pregnancy failure

52
Q

when can you scan TAS
and what should be seen

A

when the gestational sac measures 20-25 mm
fetal pole with heart motion should be seen

53
Q

normal fetal primitive hindbrain aka

A

rhombencephalon

54
Q

what is mistaken for fluid collection in fetal head
and when is it seen

A

hydrocephalus
usually seen at 10 weeks GA

55
Q

when is amnion seen

A

at 5-6 weeks

56
Q

what is NT used for

A

to screen for genetic anomalies

57
Q

what is physiological midgut herniation

A

intestinal enlargement
herniates to base of umbilical cord

58
Q

when does mid gut herniation occur

A

between 8-12 weeks/ rapid growth of embryo
resolves by 12th week

59
Q

what is physiological midgut herniation accused of

A

omphalocele
gastroschisis

60
Q

when is a corpus luteum cyst seen

A

may be seen during early pregnancy

61
Q

what hormone produced from the corpus luteum maintains the pregnancy

A

progesterone

62
Q

trophoblastic cells of placenta take over until?

A

usually resolves by 12 weeks

63
Q

if cyst persists after 16 weeks what might it be

A

a simple cyst

64
Q

what is produced by the trophoblast

A

hCG

65
Q

what does the hCG stimulate

A

it stimulates the corpus luteum to produce progesterone and estrogen

66
Q

what sustains the pregnancy

A

the corpus luteum

67
Q

how are hCG samples obtained

A

blood and urine

68
Q

hCG doubles every____hrs

A

48 hours

69
Q

what is a blastocyst

A

product of conception

70
Q
A

First Trimester Ch. 3 (1 decks)

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