Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Comp Civ 12 > First Test Stuff > Flashcards

First Test Stuff Flashcards

1
Q

When was the big bang?

A

13.7 billion yrs ago

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

First to have whites in their eyes

A

Ergaster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Caveman who was good at making things

A

Homo Habilis; “handy man”

Made first stone tools

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

First made stone axes?

A

Homo Egaster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What did Heidelbergensis in the north eventually come to be?

A

Neanderthals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What advantages did Neanderthals have for survival in the north?

A
  • smaller
  • short limbs to keep heat in
  • bigger broader noses (cooling off)
  • TOUGH
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What advantages did Heidelbergensis in the south have?

A
  • taller, slimmer
  • dark skin
  • IMAGINATION~~
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name three hominids that existed 3.5 million yrs ago

A
  • Parethopus Bosei
  • Homo Habilis
  • Homo Rudolfensis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why did bipedalism develop?

A
  • adapt to changing of nature; appearance of grass
  • able to see further
  • save nrg for sex
  • free hands for making stuff & raising children
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Name of the ancestor that first began walking on two feet.

A

Australopithecus Afarensis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bipedalism

A

Walking on two feet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 10 major types of myths?

A

creation myths, cosmology, origin of humanity, flood stories, introduction of disease & death, afterlife, presence of supernatural beings, end of the world, dawn of civilization, foundation myths

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why did art matter?

A

It showed that people were able to think, imagine, create; symbolic thought

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the difference between legends, folktales, and myths?

A

Legends - story based on a true event. Folktale - entertainment or cautionary tale. Myth - Story involving gods, goddesses, or supernatural beings in relation to people.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What was the village made of mammoth bones called?

A

Mezhirich site (built 150 years ago)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Greek root word for ‘myth’

A

Mythos = “story”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are venus figures?

A

miniature sculptures of big-breasted, broad-hipped women

symbol for fertility & reproduction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

List the days and what God did when he created the world

A

Day 1 - light, seperation of light and dark (day and night).
Day 2 - vault (sky)
Day 3 - lands and plants
Day 4 - Stars in night sky, sun, moon
Day 5 - Sea creatures and birds
Day 6 - land creatures and people/Adam and Eve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What was special about Jericho?

A

It was an early trading center on route from Asia to Egypt (allowed ideas to be passed on)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What two new ideas did potters develop?

A

wheel, smelting of copper & other metals to make weapons (saw)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Who was James Ussher?

A

18th century archbishop, determined the year of creation (Oct 23, 4004BC, 9:00am) by retracing events in Bible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How many miles did a hunter and gatherer need to survive? A farmer?

A

Hunter and gatherer - 10 sq miles. Farmer - 1/10th of a mile.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the Great Chain of Being?

A

all living beings created in an “ultimate form”, ranked from simplest to most complex, w/ humans at the top of the chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How did people domesticate animals?

A

Kill aggressive ones, breed docile ones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Who was Thomas Malthus?

A

Wrote Essay on Population, which sparked Darwin’s theory of natural selection
(Population increased faster than food supply did, therefore natural law of struggle)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Who was Charles Darwin?

A

English naturalist who came up with the theory of evolution through natural selection, making organisms biologically or physically suited for their environment. His book (The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, of the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Like, god what a mouthful) challenged the Biblical creation myth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Who was Gregory Mendel?

A

theorized laws of genetic inheritance in 1865 by studying colour of pea flowers over successive generations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is natural selection?

A

Theory of evolution where creatures with favourable adaptations (ie positive adaptations) survive better than others and live to pass on their adaptation to their offspring. “Survival of the fittest.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Where was Sumer located?

A

fertile plain between Tigris & Euphrates (Mesopotamia; land between 2 rivers)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Why and how did irrigation develop?

A

deficiency of rainfall in the region
Broke through river bank, allowed water to flood fields
Built & maintained canal system
Resulted in a workforce paid by the government through taxing peasants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What are chance mutations?

A

Random DNA errors which occur in all organisms, some producing variations/mutations in offspring. Supplemented Darwin’s theory of evolution by providing a mechanism of change.

32
Q

What is the Babylonian king Hammurabi famous for?

A

Hammurabi’s Code - the first written legal code.

33
Q

What is a ziggurat?

A

large pile of dirt which temples were built on (rebuilt on top of the one before)

34
Q

Who were the earliest people to live in Mesopotamia?

A

The Sumerians

35
Q

List the kingdoms that lived in the fertile crescent (in order)

A

Sumerians, Babylonians, Assyrians & Chaldeans, Persians, Hebrews & Phoenicians

36
Q

What is the legend that the Biblical story of Noah’s Ark may have been based on

A

Gilgamesh

37
Q

What were the first three main river systems in Asia settled by early hominids?

A

Euphrates (Mesopotamia), Yellow (China), Indus (India)

38
Q

What are the Hebrew writings called today?

A

the Old Testament (Torah)

39
Q

How did Homo Sapiens Sapiens differ from Homo Erectus?

A

⅔ the weight, developed language/able to exchange ideas, evolved definitive brain size, built more complex tools.

40
Q

Who was the first king of the Hebrews?

A

Saul

41
Q

How many tribes did Jacob (son of Abraham) divide the Israelites into?

A

12

42
Q

What were the disadvantages of having bigger brains?

A

Female birth canals not big enough to deliver babies
Babies were completely dependent on parents for 6 years before brain would become independent, as opposed to 12 months of typical species

43
Q

Who was Menes and what did he do?

A

first pharaoh, joined Egypt into one country

44
Q

in 70 AD, Rome conquered the region where the Jewish lived and dispersed them all over Europe. What was this event called?

A

The Diaspora.

45
Q

Who was Cyrus the Great?

A

a man who joined the Persians and the Medes together, made Persia into a great country

46
Q

What did the Cult of the Mother Goddess believe in?

A

Believed that the Earth was the ‘Mother Goddess’ as it/she provided food.

47
Q

What unbreakable rule came from the Paleolithic era?

A

You must marry outside of your own clan.

48
Q

What diseases resulted from the domestication of animals?

A

Tuberculosis, dysentery, typhoid, malaria, cholera, leprosy

49
Q

What metal did people first began to smelt?

A

Copper.

50
Q

What were two major cities of Phoenicia?

A

Tyre, Sidon

51
Q

What was bronze made out of?

A

Copper and tin.

52
Q

What was the “plastic of the Neolithic age?” Why?

A

Pottery. Used to preserve food, water, beer, fuel, could be used to recook food, promoted business and trade (transport goods)

53
Q

What did the Phoenicians invent?

A

alphabet w/ 22 letters

54
Q

What was trepanation?

A

Drilling a hole into the head so evil spirits & demons could leave the body, and soul could return

55
Q

What were the three main cities of Sumer?

A

Uruk, Eridu, Ur

56
Q

What was the Miracle Food?

A

Bread (Invented by women)

57
Q

What three things are required for a city to develop?

A

1) Good agricultural land. 2) Specialization of jobs. 3) Existence of a social hierarchy (i.e. elite = rulers)

58
Q

Why was cooking food important?

A

Killed bacteria

Easier to digest proteins/carbohydrates, allowing more nutrients to be absorbed, and more energy to be stored

59
Q

Why did writing develop?

A

To keep records of trade.

60
Q

What two things did Persia develop for their country (that is now used worldwide)?

A

Roads, mail system.

61
Q

Why does writing = power?

A

used by kings to spread will across state, used for propaganda, written laws, convey knowledge to people

62
Q

What is the name of the Jewish God?

A

Jehovah/Yahweh

63
Q

How old is the earth?

A

4.5 billion years old

64
Q

What two things made the first primates successful?

A

1) forward facing eyes

2) flexible hands with 5 digits

65
Q

What are hubs?

A

Centers of trade networks

66
Q

What happened during the Cambrian explosion?

A

Animal groups evolved, increased in size and complexity

Not just bacteria

67
Q

Name the top 5 world religions

A

Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism

68
Q

What connected China to Europe?

A

Silk roads

69
Q

What was the Moabite Stone? What happened to it?

A

Stone tablet buried in the desert, which recounted a king’s battle, paralleled an event described in the bible
Heated over a fire, water poured over it continuously until it was destroyed (thought it contained gold)

70
Q

Who was Nebuchadnezzar?

A

A Babylonian King who captured Jerusalem in 586BC

71
Q

What happened to the Israelites after Jerusalem was captured?

A

10k captives lead to Babylon in chains

72
Q

What was written in Babylon? ¿Por qué?

A

The Old Testament written by captured Israelites to preserve their identity (record of religion)

73
Q

What were four things invented by the Sumerians?

A

Wheel, gardening, mud bricks, 60second minute, government

74
Q

What is the capital city of the Assyrian empire?

A

Nineveh

75
Q

Who was Sennacherib?

A

An Assyrian King who pillaged Israel

76
Q

Who was Hezekiah?

A

Israelite King who built an underground water system in Jerusalem

Comp Civ 12 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions