First Test (Ch1-4) Flashcards
What is the general age range for adolescence
10-18ish years
What is age range for emerging adult
18-25ish years
What are the domains of Development? (6)
- Cognitive development
- Personality development
- Moral development
- Social development
- Sexual development
- Physiological development
First CHILD (adolescent) phycologist
Stanley G Hall
What does Emerging adulthood involve
- identity exploration
- instability
- self focus
- feeling in between
- possibilities/optimism
Definition of puberty
biological change in adolescents anatomy, physiology, and physical appearance that leads to one being biologically prepared for sexual reproduction.
Where does initiation of puberty start
Hypothalamus
What role does the hypothalamus play in puberty
it starts increasing the production of gonadotropin (GnRH)
What is the signal for puberty to start
Leptin
What is cognitive development
changes over time in how people think, how they solve problems, and how their capacities for memory and attention change
Who is the biggest cognitive development person
Jean Piaget
what is a schema
structures for organizing and interpreting information
assimilation
new information is altered to fit within an existing scheme.
Accommodation
scheme is changed, or a new one added to adapt to new.
What are the aspects of Formal operations
- abstract thinking
- metacognition
- complex thinking …..hypothetical complex thinking
What is beyond Piaget stages
- Pragmatism 2. Reflective judgement
What is pragmatism
adapting logical thinking to the practical constraints of the real world … the emerging adult recognized how there will be limitations due to social factors and other variables (what school will I get into. what if I don’t)
Another name for dialectical thought
Basseches
what is dialectical thought
type of thinking that develops in emerging adulthood (finding the grey between the black and white)
Reflective Judgement
the capacity to evaluate the accuracy if evidence and arguments (gut check)
Relativism
this includes understanding that multiple points of view have merit and value
Information Processing Theory
Rather than viewing cognitive development as dis-contintinous stages, IP theory sees it as continous (less on development and more on how thinking works)
What are the aspects of information processing theory
- attention (sensory organs) 2. processing 3. memory
selective attention
ability to focus on relevant information while screening our information that is irrelevant
Divided attention
splitting your attentional focus to more than one thing - reading and listening to music
aspects of short term memory
- 7 +/- 2 2. there is limited capacity 3. time limit
aspects of long term memory
- you can draw on it later 2. recall (dig from brain) 3. Recognition (see a list) 4. infinite capacity and unlimited times
How does memory get from short term to long term
mnemonic devices and repetition
Automacity
how much cognitive effort we need to devote to processing information (repetition repetition repetition)
What is executive functioning
the ability to control and manage cognitive functions FRONTAL LOBE
overproduction and exuberance
peaks around 12 years old exuberance = pruning
pruning
killing the unneeded neurons and this is called pruning (12-20y/o)
cultural beliefs
the commonly held norms and moral standards of a culture, the standards of right and wrong that set expectations for behavior
what is symbolic inher8itance
a set of ideas and understandings both implicit and explicit about persons, society, nature and divinity.
