first test Flashcards
common law
law that developed in. English courts, relies on case law, and is common to all people
trial by ordeal
Requiring a person to undergo torture to determine guilt or innocence
trial by oath
requiring friends of the accused to swear on the bible that he or she is innocent
Habeaus corpus
a court order designed to prevent unlawful arrest by ensuring that anyone detained is charged before a court within a reasonable amount of time
adversarial system
the judicial process whereby evidence is presented by two opposing parties to an impartial judge or jury
Rule of law:
a principle of justice stating that the law is nessasary to regulate society, that law applies equally to everyone, and that people are not governed by arbitrary power
Case law:
A method of deciding cases based on the recorded decisions of similar cases
Divine right:
the concept that monarchs and their successors derived their power to rule from god and were accountable only to god
Assizes
traveling courts
Mosaic law
laws given to Moses to guide the Hebrew people, and recorded in the bible
Code of Hammurabi
one of the earliest known sets of recorded laws, written by king Hammurabi
Restitution:
punishment that requires the offender to pay the victim or society back for the harm or loss suffered
Stare decisis:
a latin phrase meaning to “stand by decisions”
Magna Carta
a charter of political and civil rights signed in 1215at Runnymede in England
Precedent:
applying a previous decision to a case that has similar circumstances
