First test Flashcards
Biodegradable vs. Non-biodegradable
vegetal/animal matter vs. inorganic matter like plastic, glass, metal
Persistent or nonbio-degradable define:
remains dangerous for a long time
Persistent or non-bio-degradable examples
plastic-straws and tin cans
Bi-accumulative define:
accumulates as it continues through the food chain
Eco-toxic example
used engine oil
damage to the environment
Eco-toxic define:
Carcinogenic define:
causes cancer
Carcingoenic example
asbestos
Biological wastes example
human sewage
Hazardous wastes examples
solvents used in paint, chemicals in some cleaning products
Need to embrace the 3 R’s:
Reuse, recycle, reduce
_____ and ____ is required to change the tide of waste in today’s world
leadership and education
Burying waste takes ____ centuries to decompose
several
Burying wastes often creates _____ gas
methane
methane gas is _____ and does contribute to ______ effect
explosive, greenhouse
Incinerating plastics creates toxic substances called
Dioxins
Hydro power doesn’t not produce what? (2)
emissions or solid waste
Hydro power concerns:
disrupt fish migration, displace people and wildlife
Most commercial scale dam sites have been constructed in what area?
The united states
Geothermal means
“Earths Heat”
Two main types of geothermal power
high-temp geothermal heat AND low-temp geothermal heat
Yellowstone national park is an example of what heat?
high-temp geothermal heat
Low-temp geothermal energy define
thermal energy from the sun is absorbed by the upper layers f the earth surface
Naturally occurring heat is used in two main ways:
- direct use 2. generation of electricity
Direct use of heat:
wells are drilled to bring hot water to surface
Direct use of heat: over ____ countries used geothermal energy
72 countries
____ is the world leader in geothermal energy
Iceland
over ____ percent of Icelands home are heated with direct use geothermal energy
93 percent
what is one of the cleanest cities in the world?
Reykjavik, Iceland
Downside of Geothermal electricity generating?
geothermal resolvers may become depleted
renewable energy source from biological material such as wood or waste
Biomass define:
Biomass examples:
wood, dung, and other bio mass materials used for cooking and heat
Biomass is considered to the be the ____ largest amount of renewable energy in the country
second
Bioconversion uses:
plant and animal waste
Bioconversion produces
biofuels, like natural gas and oil
_____ is now being used for ethanol distilleries to produce biogas
Corn
Corn is being used as a ____ crop
food crop
Green energy define:
produced in a more sustainable manner
guarantees electricity comes from sustainable energy sources
Eco-label define:
measure of impact of individuals and businesses have on environment and on climate change
Carbon footprint define:
Carbon footprint is expressed in what?
Tons of carbon dioxide that you contribute in a set time period, usually a year
Your personal lifestyle choices affects the carbon dioxide atmosphere? T OR F
True
You cannot _____ _____ your carbon footprint
Wipe out
imported electricity generated from qualified sources, meets standards defined in both importing and exporting country
Imported Green Energy define:
Carbon offsetting is a ____ concept.
popular
companiesor individuals “make-up” for the carbon dioxide created by their actions
companiesor individuals “make-up” for the carbon dioxide created by their actions Carbon offsetting define:
All human actions have an impact on the environment T OR F?
True
of a domestic sheep/long-haired goat, especially after having been sheared
of a domestic sheep/long-haired goat, especially after having been shearedFleece: Woolen Coat define:
a synthetic or polyester fabric that is spun into a soft weave for a range of uses
a synthetic or polyester fabric that is spun into a soft weave for a range of usesPolar fleece define:
Polar fleece examples:
outdoor gear, hiker gear
Recycled items have been given ____ lives
new/repurposed
most landfills contain more ____ than anything else
Paper
Most landfills contain about ___ percent of paper
40 percent
Compacted paper does deteriorate well? T OR F
False, it doesnt’
over ____ million plus ____ around the world
28, cars
over ____ percent of car components are now recycled
80 percent
Remaining 20 percent of car components that are not recyclable are called what?
Auto shredder residue, which most fills landfills every year
Can you use tires for other things once they are done being used on cars? T OR F
True
Are we able to recycle glass?
yes
Glass containers are crushed in a _____
cullet
over ____ percent of recycled glass is used to make new glass
90 percent
Most plastic is ____ biodegradable and ____ recycled
not, not
time required to decompose various items
Rot rate define:
Plastic bags take ___ to ___ years to decompose
10 to 20 years
Disposiable diapers take_____ years to decompose
75 years
Styrofoam ____ decomposes
never
Each american makes ___ pounds of garbage everyday
5 pounds
derived from recent living matters
Biofuels define:
Biofuels are made of what?
Potatoe skins, rice, wheat
Inventors stopped exploring biofuel when they discovered _____ made gasoline and diesel cheap to buy
petroleum
Some professionals feel planet is in an ____ overshoot
ecological
greenhouse gasses absorb some of the heat and trap it near the earths surface, so earth maybe warming up
greenhouse gasses absorb some of the heat and trap it near the earths surface, so earth maybe warming upGreenhouse effect define:
Damage to biodiversity can affect ____ of species
Climate change sometimes shifts theses ______ but for a number of reasons, plans and animals may not always adjust
distribution
distributions
Materials removed from earth are needed to provide humans with what?
Food, clothing, housing- improving and upgrading standard of living
Renewable resources examples
agricultural, forestry products
Non-renewable resources examples
minerals, oil
experts view by _____ over-population will occur
2050
Economy, human population and earth’s ecosystem are _____ linked
definitely
what effects one, affects another, change in one area effects another. T OR F?
True
who was concerned about improper used of material and consequences to deforestation in first century AD?
Pliny the Elder
In one of the first scientific publications in forestry, an individual named ______ coined the term ______
Von Carolwitzs, sustainability
development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
Sustainable devlopement define:
______ ____ _____ proposed a definition of sustainable development
The Bruntland Report
engage in sustainable development nessecities, adopting, changing, or improving behaviors by 5 principles
Agenda 21 define:
Agenda 21 5 principles:
- Precation (precent risks)
- Responsibility
- Transparency (make info available)
- Social & Technoglocial Innovation (move forward w it)
- Responsible citizenship (contribute to tasks)
measuring success means capturing, analyzing and reporting ecological and social performance in addition to financial performance of an organization
TBL Triple Bottom Line define:
who coined TBL term?
John Elkington
Social justice and fight against poverty were added to the sustainability definitions ___ years after the ____ summit
10 years, Rio summit
____ percent of CEO’S considered sustainability important to their companies success
93 percent
shared values, beliefs, and work styles that define what is important to a specific organization
Organizational Culture define:
There hasn’t been much interest in environmental management in the hospitality area until the development of what?
IHEI- International Hotels and Environment Initiative
The IHEI was launched by who? and when?
Prince of Whales in 1992
Tourism industry has been slow on uptake to positive action on sustainability T or F?
True
Render means what?
To give over
everyday in US, hotels discard ____ million in partially used soaps
2.6 million
Water consideration is no longer trendy but is requred? T OR F
True
reduced use of water, more then just plants, combines horticulture, interior design and environmental psychology to create indoor spaces that are welcoming, inspiration, and aesthetically pleasing
Plantscape(s) define:
First fill in the blank?
Sustainability
coined to describe boutique hotels on eco sites that are eco-friendly
Bouteco define:
Success of hotel industry depends on ____ environment
clean
two factors for change:
- increase influence of green investor
2. influence of environmental pressure groups on consumer behavior
Green investor means what?
banks who want to limit exposure to environmental risks
sustainability involves deploying innovations to achieve higher efficiency
Global Innovation Index define:
2 sub indices of Global Innovation index:
- Innovation input
2. innovation output
Individuals generally experience the following during tourism development:
euphoria, apathy, annoyance, antagonism
2 types of energy:
- renewable-which is limited
2. non-rewneable- which by definition will sooner then later run out
____ percent of energy used today in the world is produced using ___ energy
85, non-renewable energy
Use of shading devices
Passive cooling define
Passive cooling- tree types
decidous- leaves fall off every fall
everygreen-keep their leaves all year round
energy consumption is reduced ___ to ___ percent as compared to conventional buildings
40 to 60
_____ is greatest source of energy
Sun
Do we see a growth in green training?
Yes
Carbon offsetting has no ____ for certifying
standard
achieving net zero carbon emission by balancing the measure amount of carbon emitted with an equivalent amount of offset, or buying enough carbon credit to make a difference
achieving net zero carbon emission by balancing the measure amount of carbon emitted with an equivalent amount of offset, or buying enough carbon credit to make a differenceCarbon Neutraility define:
Steps for carbon neutrality (2)
implement emission reduction measures
data is important to start offsetting reducing any featured site
Environemental Stewardhip define:
consumers becoming more and more supportive of businesses that are into this
of staff from each area are on this team, monitor intivies implemented by hotels, highlight ideas for reduction or minimzation
Green team define:
Recycling: Green =
Blue =
Brown =
Black =
Paper
plastics
food waste for composting
general mixed waste
____ of worlds population has servere water shortage
_____ of that figure has no _____
3rd
sanitation
About ____ million people die yearly of preventable water-borne diseases
3 million
global consumption of ____ ____ doubles every ____ years
fresh water, 20 years
____ appears to be the next _____
water, oil
water that’s considered safe to drink, treated, cleaning or filtered and meets the needs of local established drinking standards
Portable water define:
about ____ percent of total water available on planet is suitable for drinking and agricultural purpose
3 percent
Agriculture contributes to almost ___ percent of total water consumption
90 percent
___ rooms are the greatest users of water
guest rooms
____ percent of water in hotels in linked to lodging and another ___ percent to food service
60 percent, 13 percent
____ million cubic meters of water consumed in USA per year
_____ million cubic meters of water consumed in Europe per year
946
843
____ resorts use more water
Luxury
vegetation from local environment, native plants have adapted to indigenous climate
Naturescaping define:
from greek word “xeros” meaning dry and combined with landscape to mean water efficient landscape design and practice
Xeriscape define:
Xeriscape is generally used in what climates?
semi-arid climate with extreme temperatures
____ percent of america’s streams millions of acres of wetlands across US are not clearly protected
60 percent
gaining knowledge and skills has become an issue of death and ___ ____
financial debt
use of renewables are maximized such as :
water, wind, sun, etc
viewed as being of equal importance to financial capital
Biological capital define:
____ percent of freshwater is used towards what?
Irrigation
part of the current pressure on water resources comes from increasing demands for ____ ____
animal feed
meat production requires ___ to ____ more water than cereal production
8 to 10 times
US congress deemed that national parks were to serve as a ____ ____ for visitors
pleasure grounds
rachel carson’s silent spring in 1962
dangers of environment pollution to human health, altered how ameerican’s perceived the environment and danger of toxins
____ ____ marked the begging of modern environmentalism
silent spring
increased awareness of other countries
Globalization define:
views regarding environmental conerens
Generation Gap define:
Ecotourism is the ____ ____ market in the tourism industry
fastest growing
TBL- 3 PILLARS
- economic prosperity
- social responsibility
- environmental protection
benefits of hotels and sustaiblie development?
cost containment and revenue enhancement, positive public image, and employee satisfaction
Father of national parks
John Muir
Club founded by John Muir
The Sierra club
Father of national parks
John Muir
Club founded by John Muir
The Sierra club
