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Advanced Pharmacology > First Test > Flashcards

First Test Flashcards

1
Q

Blood brain barrier

A

Only lipid soluble drugs cross the barrier, the blood brain barrier is relatively in peneturable, usually protective

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2
Q

I Can PresCribE A Drug

A 
Indication 
Contraindications 
Precautions 
Cost/compliance 
Efficacy 
Adverse effects 
Dose/duration/direction
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3
Q

Controlled substance schedule I

A

No accepted medical use
No legal use permitted
For registered research facilities only
Ie- heroin, lsd, marijuana

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4
Q

Controlled substance II

A

No refills permitted
Written prescriptions only no telephone orders
Prescriptions expire 72 hours if not filled
Ie- narcotic, stimulants- cocaine, amphetamine, methylphenidate
Depressants- pentobarbital, secobarbital

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5
Q

Controlled substance III

A

Prescriptions must be rewritten after 6 months or 5 refills- telephone prescriptions accepted
Ie- narcotics and stimulants

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6
Q

Controlled substances IV

A

Same as III, penalties for illegal possession are different

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7
Q

Controlled substances V

A

Same as all prescription drugs may be dispensed without a prescription unless regulated by the state
Ie- loperamide, diphenoxylate

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8
Q

Adverse drug reaction

A

An adverse drug reaction is any undesirable or unintended effect occurring after administration of a medical product

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9
Q

What are the two types of adverse drug reactions

A

Pharmacological which is 85% of 90% of adverse drug reactions and idiosyncratic or unpredictable

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10
Q

Type one allergic response

A
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11
Q

Type two allergic response

A
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12
Q

Tape three allergic response

A
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13
Q

Type 4allergic response

A
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14
Q

Pain involves the interactions of three major systems

A

Sensory/discriminative
Motivational/affective
Cognitive/ evaluative

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15
Q

Pain threshold

A

The point at which that stimulus is experienced as pain it differs from person to person

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16
Q

Pain tolerance

A

The duration of time or the intensity of pain that a person will endure before taking over action to relieve the pain. Decreases with repeated exposure to pain. Decreased by fatigue anger fear and sleep deprivation

17
Q

Acetaminophen

A

Action: Work centrally in the central nervous system to inhibit prostaglandin. Used for mild to moderate pain. Safer than NSAIDs for most. Safe in pregnancy is. Save an infant. Safe and most older adults

18
Q

Cox inhibitors

A

NSAIDS- ketorolac, naproxen, ibuprofen
Salicylates: aspirin
COX-2 inhibitors- celecoxib (celebrex)

19
Q

NSAIDS

A

Action is to inhibit proto Landon formation. Used for fever pain inflammation anti platelet. Not all have the same action

20
Q

Avoid NSAIDs in pregnancy older adults in renal dysfunction. True or false

A

True

21
Q

Drug interactions for NSAIDs are

A

Alcohol, anticoagulants, and antiplatelets

22
Q

Salicylates aspirin

A

Action is to inhibit prostaglandin formation. It is used for fever pain inflammation and anti-platelet

23
Q

Adverse drug reactions for aspirin include

A

G.I. upset abdominal pain G.I. bleed renal impairment and tinnitus

24
Q

Celebrex or Cox – 2inhibitors

A

Action is to inhibit prostaglandin formation it is used for pain, and information

25
Q

Celebrex is used with caution in patients with

A

Congestive heart failure, hypertension, and fluid retention

26
Q

Phase 1 assessment for prescribing pain medication

A

Begin with a chief complaint that identifies the impact of the pain. Sleep disturbances, secondary physical problem, anxiety, depression, cognitive disorders, stress and functional disabilities. He was a pain scale. Use non-pharmacological strategies. Refer to the state board of pharmacy prescription drug monitoring program report

27
Q

Phase 2. Trial of an opioid

A

Non-opioid therapy is preferred. Prior to initiating therapy sign the patient provider agreement and the informed consent form. Set realistic goals. Start with immediate release opioid when starting therapy. Start low, and go slow. Consider naloxone prescription

28
Q

Phase 3. Long-term treatment.

A

End of trial and onto chronic management. Patient has satisfactory pain relief. Patient can manage ADLs. There are consistent pain scores unreliable skills. There are no misuses. There are no legal issues or incarcerations. Patient is not relocating.

29
Q

Phase 4. Termination of chronic opioid treatment.

A

Play some ethical decision making, driven by practice policies, and discussions and decisions are documented. Minimization withdrawal symptoms. Abrupt sensation can lead to seizures or withdrawal symptoms examples are nausea diarrhea muscle pain and myclonus

Advanced Pharmacology (1 decks)

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