First Shifting Examinations Flashcards
1
Q
concerned with “How to go about life?” and “What it means to live well in a world and to be just or fair in one’s personal and professional life?”
A
Christian Ethics
2
Q
a science of morality of human acts
A
Christian Ethics
3
Q
a systematic body of knowledge meant to guide men in the pursuit of good and happy life
A
Science
4
Q
quality of goodness and badness of human acts
A
Morality
5
Q
foundation of every human society
A
Morality
6
Q
indispensable knowledge
A
Morality
7
Q
determines morality through the use of reasons aided by God’s revelations
A
Moral Theology
8
Q
considers divinely-revealed truths and divine laws
A
Moral Theology
9
Q
morality based on reasons alone
A
Moral Philosophy
10
Q
examples of Moral Philosophy
A
Hedunism,
Utilitarianism,
Subjectivism,
Proportionism
11
Q
moral trends in the society
A
Regress in human life,
Loss of sense of sin,
Ethical relevance
12
Q
etymology of Theology
A
theos - God,
logos - study, word, discourse
13
Q
God revealed himself in the ___ and ___
A
sacred scriptures, sacred tradition
14
Q
teaching authority of the church
A
Magisterium
15
Q
encyclic that re-affirms the usage of artificial methods or contraceptions
A
Humanae Vitae
16
Q
Humanae Vitae is written by
A
Pope Paul VI
17
Q
gathering of the leaders of the church
A
Vatican II
18
Q
church document revolving around the church
A
Lumen Gentium
19
Q
church document focused on liturgy
A
Sacrosanctum Concilium
20
Q
the study of rightness and wrongness of human acts
A
Moral Theology
21
Q
part of theology guided by revelation that studies human acts as the road to man’s supernatural end
A
Moral Theology
22
Q
part of theology that searches for the norms of free human conduct in the light of revelation
A
Moral Theology
23
Q
science of what man ought to be by reason of what he is
A
Morality is a science.
Morality is concerned with what man ought to be.
Morality judges.
24
Q
study of man’s journey to God as He is the image of God
A
St. Thomas on Moral Theology
25
etymology of Philosophy
Philos - love,
| Socia - wisdom
26
Greek word of Ethics
Ethos
27
Greek equivalent of Ethics means
customs
28
Latin word of Ethics
Mores
29
Latin equivalent of Ethics means
morality
30
may be changing or unchanging
customs
31
ethical systems
good life,
meaningful life,
happy life
32
different criteria in ethical systems
Emotive,
Intuitive,
Extrinsic,
Intrinsic
33
deals with emotions or feelings; choices and decisions are made and based from emotions
Emotive
34
deals with instincts; one is able to identify the morality by himself
Intuitive
35
deals with external factors; something outside the body; influenced by non-self
Extrinsic
36
nature of the act itself; the action-consequence
Intrinsic
37
morality based on the lieu of the existence of a Greater Being
Theonomous Ethics
38
morality becomes societal; beliefs including absence of a Greater Being
Atheistic Ethics
39
philosopher who believes that morality needs someone to know thyself
Socrates
40
genius philosopher who is also an idealist
Plato
41
a realist philosopher
Aristotle
42
"An unreflected life is not worth living."
Socrates
43
believes morality needs reflection or self-examination of oneself
Aristotle
44
believes the road to moral excellence is through self-knowledge
Plato
45
believes moral excellence involves examination of conscience
Plato
46
an ideal or perfect state; paradise
utopia
47
two worlds according to Plato
ideas,
| senses
48
the world which is of reality, perfection and infinity according to Plato
world of ideas
49
the world which is not real, imperfect and finite according to Plato
world of senses
50
Plato's idea of how people go back to the world of ideas
detachment from sensual pleasures
51
example of ways of detaching oneself from sensual pleasures
meditation (as exhibited by Monks)
52
believes the acts of potentiality
Aristotle
53
three natures present in man according to Aristotle
Vegetative nature,
Animal nature,
Rational nature
54
nature present in man that emphasizes physical well-being
Vegetative nature
55
nature present in man that emphasizes man as someone who is of sexual instincts
Animal nature
56
nature present in man that emphasizes the reasoning or intellect of man
Rational nature
57
influenced by Plato
St. Augustine
58
a great sinner who became a great saint
St. Augustine
59
an idealist or perfectionist saint
St. Augustine
60
states that supreme good is to be with God
St. Augustine
61
City of God according to St. Augustine
world of ideas
62
City of Man according to St. Augustine
world of senses
63
believes dualism exist in a person
Plato
64
according to Plato's lens, man is of ___ and ___
soul (perfect),
| body (imperfect)
65
books of St. Augustine
The Confessions,
| The City of God
66
influenced by Aristotle
St. Thomas
67
"Man is capable of knowing and understanding human and supernatural values."
St. Thomas
68
talks about human or cardinal virtues and relationships between human
St. Thomas
69
stated that virtues have essence
St. Thomas
70
according to ___, there is a golden mean where virtues lie in the middle, avoiding extremes
Aristotle
71
seeing God face to face
Beatific Vision
72
the ultimate goal for man in Christian Ethics
Heaven; to go to heaven
73
19th century where great shift happened
Period of Enlightenment
74
before the Period of Enlightenment, the focus of philosophers was ___
God in relation to man and the world
75
during or after the Period of Enlightenment, the focus was ___
from God to man
76
placed Christian ethics in crisis
Period of Enlightenment
77
principles of philosophy include utilitarianism and hedunism
John Stuart Mill
78
form of consequentialism
Utilitarianism
79
states that the permissibility of actions is determined by examining their outcomes and comparing those outcomes with what would have happened if some other action had been performed
Utilitarianism
80
according to utilitarianism, an action is permissible if and only if ___
there is no other action available to the agent that would have had better consequences
81
in this philosophy, everyone's happiness is taken into account and is given equal weight
Hedunism
82
True or False:
| Karl Marx says that it is better for happiness to be distributed among many people.
false
83
the moral goal of our actions according to Mill
to create the greatest happiness for the greatest number
84
a thing is morally right for Mill if
it promotes happiness
85
a thing is morally wrong for Mill if
it brings sufferings, pain
86
opponent of utilitarianism
Immanuel Kant
87
deontological
Immanuel Kant
88
philosopher with categorical imperatives
Immanuel Kant
89
two categorical imperatives of Immanuel Kant
Hypothetical imperatives,
| Categorical imperatives
90
golden rule of Immanuel Kant
Principle of Universality
91
ethics leading to subjectivism
Autonomous Morality
92
"I do it because I think it is good or I am convinced it is good."
Autonomous Morality
93
two universal truths or existing structures of Immanuel Kant
Natural Law,
| Moral Law
94
laws governing the world, physics and science
Natural Law
95
laws governing rational creatures
Moral Law
96
principle which states that each individual should respect one another
Principle of Humanity
97
philosopher who made Nihilism
Friedrich Nietzsche
98
Nihilism is also known as ___
Darwinian Ethics
99
Friedrich Nietzsche's principle makes a claim to the ___ nature of humans
egoistic
100
asserts that all humans strive to forcibly impose their will upon others as a primal drive in their nature compels them to do so
Nihilism
101
deals with the survival of the fittest; of how men cope up with life
Darwinian Ethics
102
according to Nietzsche, a thing is morally correct if
it makes someone dominant or survive
103
according to Nietzsche, a thing is morally wrong if
it becomes an obstacle
104
ethics for the competitive/strong/powerful
Darwinian Ethics
105
the idea of Darwinian Ethics
For you to be ethical, you have to be in top.
106
master morality
strong
107
slave morality
Christian morality
108
philosopher who believes in individuality, freedom and ethics
Jean-Paul Sartre
109
"Man is condemned to be free."
Jean-Paul Sartre
110
people adhering to this existentialism believes there is no good
Atheistic Existentialism
111
a faith that believes existence preceeds essence
existentialism
112
clean slate
Tabula Raza
113
"Cogito Ergo Sum"
Rene Descartes,
| "I think, therefore I am"
114
True or False:
| "Man is condemned not to be free. Man did not choose to exist. He can choose what he will become."
false
115
stresses on freedom
Jean-Paul Sartre
116
philosopher from whom Marxism originated
Karl Marx
117
philosopher who criticizes religion
Karl marx
118
opium of the state according to Marx
religion
119
solution to capitalism according to Marx
Communism
120
consequence of capitalism
different classes in society
121
goal of Marxism
equality or classless society
122
according to Marx, a thing is morally correct if
it becomes common to all or owned by all
123
according to Marx, a thing is morally wrong if
it is kept only for one's self
124
factors why people question God
```
total dependence on science,
experience (evil),
sufferings/trials,
philosophy,
consumetric, secularistic society
```
125
five proofs according to St. Thomas
```
causality,
motion,
intelligent design,
gradation,
contingency
```
126
men's response to God's revelation
faith
127
integral faith
mind (I believe),
body (I do),
soul (I pray)
128
"Man is like a tabularaza."
John Locke
129
"Man is a product of history."
Karl Marx
130
"Man is defined by the choices he makes."
John Sartre
131
bible verse that states humans are "imago dei"
Genesis 1:27
132
human person as a dignified being:
```
God's image,
embodied spirit,
social,
historical,
unique
```
133
Genesis 1
Priestly Account of Creation
134
revolves around the chronology or order by significance of events in the creation
Priestly Account of Creation
135
Genesis 2
Yahwist Account of Creation
136
circles around how man was created
Yahwist Account of Creation
137
breath given to man
Ruah
138
essential components of being integrated human person
body,
| soul
