First Responder

Question 1

Responders must assume that

Answer 1

all patients are may be infected with some disease

Example sentence: When treating a patient, it is important for responders to maintain precautions as if the patient may be carrying a contagious infection.

Question 2

Most Important consideration is

Answer 2

Ensuring your own safety

Safety of the responder should always be the top priority in any emergency situation.

Question 3

Primary Assessment

Answer 3

Life threatening

The primary assessment focuses on identifying and addressing immediate life-threatening conditions in the patient.

Question 4

Secondary Assessment

Answer 4

Assess vital signs

Example vital sign assessment: Pulse should be checked by counting the beats for 1 minute, or by multiplying the beats felt in 15 seconds by 2 or in 30 seconds by 4.

Question 5

Sign

Answer 5

Bleeding (what you can see)

Signs are observable indications of a condition, such as visible bleeding in the case of an injury.

Question 6

Symptom

Answer 6

Headache (what they tell you)

Symptoms are subjective experiences reported by the patient, like a headache that the patient describes.

Question 7

Skin and eyes

Answer 7

DO NOT LIE

This instruction emphasizes the importance of honesty and accuracy in reporting skin and eye conditions during an assessment.

Question 8

A DNR is a written request to not

Answer 8

Attempt resuscitation in the event of cardiac arrest

A DNR (Do Not Resuscitate) order is a legal document that specifies the patient’s wish to forego resuscitation measures in case of cardiac arrest.

Question 9

Patient assessment sequence involves all the following

Answer 9

Primary assessment -Secondary Assessment -Signs -Symptoms

Exception: deciding which hospital to transport to is not part of the patient assessment sequence.

Question 10

The patient is alert if

Answer 10

They are able to answer all questions accurately and appropriately

Alertness in a patient is determined by their ability to respond coherently and appropriately to questions and stimuli.

Question 11

If several members of the same household are all found with a headache and nausea

Answer 11

Remove them -Notify the Fire Department -Suspect Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

This scenario suggests a potential case of carbon monoxide poisoning, requiring immediate action and notification of the authorities.

Question 12

For Anaphylactic Shock

Answer 12

Has a very rapid onset

Anaphylactic shock is characterized by a sudden and severe allergic reaction that can progress rapidly.

Question 13

Anaphylactic Shock is characterized

Answer 13

Hives -Rapid -Low Blood Pressure -Unconscious

Symptoms of anaphylactic shock include the development of hives, rapid progression, low blood pressure, and potential loss of consciousness.

Question 14

Documentation should be

Answer 14

Clear -Concise -Accurate -Reliable

Proper documentation in emergency situations should be clear, concise, accurate, and reliable for effective communication and follow-up care.

Question 15

The tearing away of an entire body part is

Answer 15

Amputation

Amputation refers to the surgical or traumatic removal of a body part, such as a limb or digit.

Question 16

Heat Exhaustion

Answer 16

Is when a person is exposed to temperature over 80 degrees -Includes sweating, nausea, dizziness, low blood pressure and lightheadedness

Heat exhaustion is a heat-related illness caused by prolonged exposure to high temperatures, leading to symptoms like sweating, nausea, and dizziness.

Question 17

Heat Stroke

Answer 17

Is when a person is exposed to more heat than it can handle -Includes the body being flushed and dry (no sweating) -Semi-consciousness -Internal temps as high as 106 degrees

Heat stroke is a severe heat-related emergency where the body’s cooling system fails, resulting in high internal temperatures, dry skin, and potential loss of consciousness.

Question 18

Standard of Care

Answer 18

Must treat the patient to the best of your ability -Must provide care that a reasonable, prudent person with similar training would under similar circumstances

The standard of care in emergency situations requires providing treatment to the best of one’s ability, following guidelines that a reasonable person with similar training would adhere to.

Question 19

If someone is cold and pale what method can you use to warm them up?

Answer 19

Put their arms under their armpits

This method helps to retain body heat and warm up a person who is cold and pale.

Question 20

Insulin Shock

Answer 20

Occurs if the body has enough insulin but not enough glucose

Insulin shock, also known as hypoglycemia, occurs when there is excess insulin in the body but insufficient glucose levels, leading to low blood sugar.

Question 21

Signs of Congestive Heart Failure

Answer 21

Breathing difficulty (major symptom) -Rapid shallow breathing -Moist or gurgling respirations -Profuse sweating -Enlarged neck veins -Swollen ankles -Anxiety

Symptoms of congestive heart failure include various respiratory issues, swelling, and signs of distress like profuse sweating and anxiety.

Question 22

Expressed Consent

Answer 22

Patient gives verbal or non-verbal authorization for provision of care or transport

Expressed consent is when a patient clearly gives permission, either verbally or through non-verbal cues, for medical treatment or transportation.

Question 23

Duty to Act

Answer 23

Render emergency medical care within the limits of your training

The duty to act requires a responder to provide emergency medical care within the scope of their training and abilities in situations where assistance is needed.

Question 24

Good Samaritan Law (MGL C.112 s.12V)

Answer 24

Provides limited protection to someone who voluntarily chooses to provide first aid

Good Samaritan laws offer legal protection to individuals who provide voluntary emergency assistance in good faith, within their training and without expecting compensation.

Question 25

A.V.P.U Scale

Answer 25

A= Awake + Alert -V= Verbal -P= Pain -U= Unresponsive

The AVPU scale is used to assess a patient’s level of consciousness, ranging from fully alert and responsive to unresponsive.

Question 26

S.A.M.P.L.E

Answer 26

S= Signs or symptoms -A= Allergies -M= Medication -P= Past Medical History -L= Last oral intake -E= Events leading up to the injury or illness

The SAMPLE history is a mnemonic used to gather important information about a patient’s medical background and the circumstances surrounding their current condition.

Question 27

C.A.B

Answer 27

C= Circulation -A= Airways -B= Breathing

The CAB sequence is a mnemonic used in CPR to prioritize the steps of chest compressions, airway management, and breathing support.

Question 28

What is the main goal of the recovery position?

Answer 28

Open airways -Prevent secretion

The recovery position is used to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration of secretions in an unconscious patient.

Question 29

The theory of implied consent assumes that an unconscious patient would

Answer 29

Wish to receive treatment, if they could speak

Implied consent is a legal concept that assumes an unconscious patient would consent to treatment if they were able to communicate their wishes.

Question 30

Abandonment

Answer 30

When a trained person begins emergency care and then leaves the patient before another trained person can takeover -Once you start treatment you must continue until a person with training arrives and takes over Example- Firefighter, EMT, other Police Officers

Abandonment in emergency care occurs when a provider initiates treatment but leaves before handing over to another qualified individual, which can have serious legal and ethical implications.

Question 31

Diabetes

Answer 31

Caused by the body’s inability to process glucose

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by the body’s inability to properly regulate blood sugar levels due to issues with insulin production or utilization.