First practice test questions

Question 1

What is sliding filament theory?

Answer 1

1. A sarcomere shortens as a result of the Z lines moving closer together.
2. The Z lines converge as the result of myosin heads attaching to the actin filament and asynchronously
   pulling (power strokes) the actin filament across the myosin, resulting in shortening of the muscle fiber.

Question 2

What is the Davies Performance Assessment test?

Answer 2

Purpose: This assessment measures upper extremity agility and stabilization. This assessment may not be suitable for clients or athletes who lack shoulder stability.
Procedure
Position
1. Place two pieces of tape on the floor, 36 inches apart.
2. Have client assume a push-up position, with one hand on each piece of tape.
3. Instruct client to quickly move his or her right hand to touch the left hand
4. Perform alternating touching on each side for 15 seconds.
3. Repeat for three trials.

Question 3

What is the Shark Performance Assessment test?

Answer 3

Purpose: This is designed to assess lower extremity agility and neuromuscular control.
(It should be viewed as a progression from the single-leg squat and, as such, may not be suitable for all individuals.)
Movement:
1. Instruct client to hop to each box in a designated pattern, always returning to the center box. Be consistent with the patterns.
2. Perform one practice run through the boxes with each foot.
3. Perform test twice with each foot (four times total). Keep track of time.
4. Record the times .
5. Add 0.10 seconds for each of the following faults:
i. Non-hopping leg touches ground
ii. Hands come off hips
iii. Foot goes into wrong square
iv. Foot does not return to center square

1

Question 4

What is Stroke Volume (SV)?

Answer 4

The amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each

contraction.

Question 5

What is heart rate?

Answer 5

The rate at which the heart pumps.

Question 6

What is an average resting heart rate for an untrained adult?

Answer 6

70 to 80 beats per minute (bpm)

Question 7

What is cardiac output?

Answer 7

Heart rate X stroke volume, the

overall performance of the heart.

Question 8

What is the LEFT test?

Answer 8

The purpose of the LEFT test is to assess agility, acceleration, deceleration, and neuromuscular control. You will need a stopwatch and two marker cones.

1. On the signal “Go,” the client sprints from cone 1 to cone 2, backpedals back to cone 1, side shuffles to cone 2 then to cone 1, Carioca’s to cone 2 then to cone 1, and finishes with a sprint to cone 2.
2. The time is recorded.
3. When reassessed, the time should be lower.

Question 9

What is Distal?

Answer 9

Distal refers to a position away from the center of the body or point of reference. The ankle is more distal to the hip than the knee. The sternum is more distal to the
sacrum than the lumbar spine.

Question 10

What is Inferior?

Answer 10

Inferior refers to a position below a reference point. The calcaneus (heel bone) is inferior to the patella (knee bone). The soleus (calf muscle) is inferior to the
hamstring complex.

Question 11

What is Superior?

Answer 11

Superior refers to a position above a reference point. The femur (thigh bone) is superior to the tibia (shin bone). The pectoralis major (chest muscle) is superior to the rectus abdominis (abdominal muscle).

Question 12

What is Proximal?

Answer 12

Proximal refers to a position nearest the center of the body or point of reference. The knee is more proximal to the hip than the ankle. The lumbar spine (low back) is
more proximal to the sacrum (tailbone) than the sternum (breast bone).

Question 13

What is Horizontal Loading?

Answer 13

Performing all sets of an exercise (or body part) before moving on to the next exercise (or body part)

Question 14

What is Vertical Loading?

Answer 14

Performing exercises on the OPT template one after the other, in a vertical manner down the template

Question 15

What is Product?

Answer 15

The specific product or service offered to customers.

Question 16

What is Place?

Answer 16

Place (distribution): Channels a product or service will go through to reach the customer.

Question 17

What is Price?

Answer 17

The amount charged for a product or service, including volume discounts, seasonal pricing, and bundle packages.

Question 18

What is Promotion?

Answer 18

The communication of information about a product or service with the goal of generating a positive customer response. Some marketing communication strategies include advertising, sales, social media, and public relations.

Question 19

How should Calcium supplementation be taken?

Answer 19

Calcium should be at low levels or absent in a multi-vit/min because taking 100% of the RDA, which is 1 g (1,000 mg) of elemental calcium, would make the supplement pill too large to swallow easily. Second, for best absorption, it is preferable to consume calcium with meals, spaced throughout the day, rather than to ingest 100% of daily needs at one time

Question 20

What are Muscle Spindles?

Answer 20

Receptors sensitive to change in length of the muscle and the rate of that change.

Question 21

What is Instrumental Support?

Answer 21

Instrumental support is the tangible and practical factors necessary to help a person adhere to exercise or achieve exercise goals. Some examples include transportation to a fitness facility, a babysitter, or a spotter for weightlifing at the gym.

Question 22

What is Informational Support?

Answer 22

Informational support is one of the main reasons that clients come to personal trainers in the first place. This type of support includes the directions, advice, or suggestions given to clients about how to exercise and the feedback regarding their progress.

Question 23

What is the YMCA 3 Minute Step Test?

Answer 23

This test is designed to estimate an individual’s cardiorespiratory fitness level on the basis of a submaximal bout of stair climbing at a set pace for 3 minutes. Perform a 3-minute step test by having a client perform 96 steps per minute on a 12-inch step for a total of 3 minutes.

Question 24

What is the Rockport Walk Test?

Answer 24

This test is also designed to estimate a cardiovascular starting point. The starting point is then modified based on ability level. Step one: First, record the client’s weight. Next, have the client walk 1 mile, as fast as he or she can control, on a treadmill. Record the time it takes the client to complete the walk. Immediately record the client’s heart rate (beats per minute) at the 1-mile mark. Use the following formula to determine the oxygen consumption
( Vo2) score