First Occupants and First Nations Flashcards
How did the First Occupants arrive in North America?
They travelled on a land bridge during the Ice Age.
Which continent did the First Occupants arrive from?
Asia
Approximately how many years ago did the First Occupants arrive?
15 000 years ago
Which evidence was left over from the Ice Age?
Stone spear heads, disposed animals bones, fossils, etc
Which current of thought is associated with Native spirituality?
Animism
What is animism exactly?
The belief that everything in nature possesses and spirit or soul
What do shamans do?
They are spiritual leaders and healers
How did wisdom get passed on through generations?
Oral story-telling
What is the Native Creation Story most often called?
Turtle Island
Name 3 First Nations linguistic groups.
- Algonquin 2. Iroquois 3. Inuit
In which area did the Iroquois live?
Southern Quebec
Who ruled the clan in Iroquois society?
Women (matriarchy)
What was the way of life of the Iroquois?
sedentary
What was the Iroquois subsistence activity?
farming, gathering
Who are the 3 sisters?
beans, corn, squash
In which type of dwellings did the Iroquois live?
longhouses
In which area did the Algonquin live?
Southern and Central Quebec
Why were the Algonquin considered to be nomadic?
They followed herds of animals
What was the Algonquin kinship?
Patrilineal
What type of dwelling did the Algonquin live in?
tipis, wigwams, tents
What was the Algonquin subsistence activity?
Hunting and fishing
What is the word used to describe exchanging goods or trading without money
Barter
Which linguistic group lives in the Tundra?
Inuits
Where did the Inuit live in the summer compared to in the winter?
Summer = tents, tipis, wigwams, stone shelter Winter = igloos
What is the subsistence activity of the Inuit?
Hunters and Fishers
What kind of animals did the Inuit hunt?
Caribou, seal, walruses, belugas
Name two groups in the Iroquois Confederacy.
Huron, Mohawk
Name two groups in the Algonquin Confederacy.
Maliseet, Abenaki, Innu
What is a pow-wow?
A celebration, feast, festival where dancing and singing take place
Why is the drum beat important in Native culture?
Symbolizes the heartbeat of life starting from the mother’s womb
What is a vision quest?
A coming of age or rite of passage; supernatural experience
