First-MKSAP Flashcards
severe COPD, on trelogy, what additional med can be added?
What are the benefits?
azithro
benefits: animicrobial AND antiinflammatory
reduces FREQUENCY of exacerbations
give if no more smoking
or
roflumilast
give if bronchitis type copd
confirmatory test for asthma
methacholine challenge test
most common occupational exposure
asbestosis
what can coal dust cause
pneumoconiosis
type II asthma, often linked with _____, is seen with high _____ levels
allergies, hay fever
IgE and/or serum or sputum Eosinophil level
Tx of malignant pleural effusion after thoracentesis
Indwelling pleural catheter OR chemical pleurodesis with TALC
fomepizole is tx for
methanol and ethylene glycol toxicity
MCC of exudative effusions
infection or malignancy
guideline recommendation for calorie and protein needs in critically ill patients…and why
increase goal calorie over 3-7 days…to avoid REFEEDING SYNDROME
delayed enteral nutrition can cause ____ complications
infectious
as enteral intake is increased at this speed____ in a critically ill patient, _____ should also be monitored
over 3-7 days to reach at least 60% goal protein/calorie
electrolytes
Exhaled nitric oxide level in asthma are correlated with dx of_____ and help predict _____ response
correlated with EOSININC AIRWAY INFLAMMATION
predict CORTICOSTEROID RESPONSE
DLCO is increased in conditions _____ due to pathophys _____
Asthma, alveolar hemorrhage, L-R shunt
increased pulmonary capillary blood volume (measures amount of gas transfer through pulm capillary-alveolar unit)
initial test for cystic fibrosis
sweat chloride
confirmatory test cystic fibrosis
genetic testing CFTR gene
lab test for ABPA (Allergic bronchoPulm aspergillosis)
IgE level
aspergillosis specific IgE level
skin test to aspergillus antigen
standard non-pharmacological interventions for COPD
smoking cessation
pulm rehab
get vaccinated
alternative to steroid for sarcoidosis
methotrexate
Biomarkers for allergic asthma**
- IgE levels(negative does not r/o asthma)
- serum eosinophil (BEST)
sputum eosinophil
in aspiration pneumonitis, you will see _____ clinical course
RESOLUTION OF SYMPTOMS in 24-48hours
therefore DC ABX
type I pulm HTN cause
idiopathic/heritable
type IV pulm HTN cause
chronic PE
type III pulmHTN cause
lung-copd/ILD
LOW RISK pulm nodule measures _____ and managment ____******
6-8mm
(1cm=10mm)
repeat CT 6-12mo
traumatic conditions that cause FAT emboli
long bone fracture
pelvic fracture
non-traumatic causes of fat emboli
pancreatitis
osteomyelitis
clinical presentation of FAT emboli
respiratory failure
neurological
peticial rash
alternative to cpap for osa
oral appliance
minimal sx and mild OSA tx
weight loss
primary vs secondary spontaneous pneumo
primary: NO UNDERLYING LUNG DISEASE
secondary: has copd/asthma, Cystic fibrosis, maligancy, any other underlying lung dz
Tx: 1st time pneumo wo lung dz
needle aspiration
Tx: 1st time pneumo in a ptnt with copd
catheter thoracostomy WITH pleurodesis
Tx: 1st time pneumo in patient with no pmh and scuba diver
catheter thoracostomy WITH pleurodesis
Tx: 2st time pneumo in patient with copd in pmh
catheter thoracostomy WITH pleurodesis
Tx: 2st time pneumo in patient with no pmh
catheter thoracostomy WITH pleurodesis
