First-MKSAP Flashcards

1
Q

severe COPD, on trelogy, what additional med can be added?
What are the benefits?

A

azithro
benefits: animicrobial AND antiinflammatory
reduces FREQUENCY of exacerbations
give if no more smoking

or

roflumilast
give if bronchitis type copd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

confirmatory test for asthma

A

methacholine challenge test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

most common occupational exposure

A

asbestosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what can coal dust cause

A

pneumoconiosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

type II asthma, often linked with _____, is seen with high _____ levels

A

allergies, hay fever

IgE and/or serum or sputum Eosinophil level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tx of malignant pleural effusion after thoracentesis

A

Indwelling pleural catheter OR chemical pleurodesis with TALC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

fomepizole is tx for

A

methanol and ethylene glycol toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

MCC of exudative effusions

A

infection or malignancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

guideline recommendation for calorie and protein needs in critically ill patients…and why

A

increase goal calorie over 3-7 days…to avoid REFEEDING SYNDROME

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

delayed enteral nutrition can cause ____ complications

A

infectious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

as enteral intake is increased at this speed____ in a critically ill patient, _____ should also be monitored

A

over 3-7 days to reach at least 60% goal protein/calorie

electrolytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Exhaled nitric oxide level in asthma are correlated with dx of_____ and help predict _____ response

A

correlated with EOSININC AIRWAY INFLAMMATION

predict CORTICOSTEROID RESPONSE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

DLCO is increased in conditions _____ due to pathophys _____

A

Asthma, alveolar hemorrhage, L-R shunt

increased pulmonary capillary blood volume (measures amount of gas transfer through pulm capillary-alveolar unit)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

initial test for cystic fibrosis

A

sweat chloride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

confirmatory test cystic fibrosis

A

genetic testing CFTR gene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

lab test for ABPA (Allergic bronchoPulm aspergillosis)

A

IgE level
aspergillosis specific IgE level
skin test to aspergillus antigen

17
Q

standard non-pharmacological interventions for COPD

A

smoking cessation
pulm rehab
get vaccinated

18
Q

alternative to steroid for sarcoidosis

A

methotrexate

19
Q

Biomarkers for allergic asthma**

A
  • IgE levels(negative does not r/o asthma)
  • serum eosinophil (BEST)
    sputum eosinophil
20
Q

in aspiration pneumonitis, you will see _____ clinical course

A

RESOLUTION OF SYMPTOMS in 24-48hours

therefore DC ABX

21
Q

type I pulm HTN cause

A

idiopathic/heritable

22
Q

type IV pulm HTN cause

A

chronic PE

23
Q

type III pulmHTN cause

A

lung-copd/ILD

24
Q

LOW RISK pulm nodule measures _____ and managment ____******

A

6-8mm
(1cm=10mm)

repeat CT 6-12mo

25
traumatic conditions that cause FAT emboli
long bone fracture pelvic fracture
26
non-traumatic causes of fat emboli
pancreatitis osteomyelitis
27
clinical presentation of FAT emboli
respiratory failure neurological peticial rash
28
alternative to cpap for osa
oral appliance
29
minimal sx and mild OSA tx
weight loss
30
primary vs secondary spontaneous pneumo
primary: NO UNDERLYING LUNG DISEASE secondary: has copd/asthma, Cystic fibrosis, maligancy, any other underlying lung dz
31
Tx: 1st time pneumo wo lung dz
needle aspiration
32
Tx: 1st time pneumo in a ptnt with copd
catheter thoracostomy WITH pleurodesis
33
Tx: 1st time pneumo in patient with no pmh and scuba diver
catheter thoracostomy WITH pleurodesis
34
Tx: 2st time pneumo in patient with copd in pmh
catheter thoracostomy WITH pleurodesis
35
Tx: 2st time pneumo in patient with no pmh
catheter thoracostomy WITH pleurodesis