First line of defense

Question 1

First Line of Defense

Answer 1

Skin and Mucous Membranes
Physical Factors

Question 2

Epidermis of skin

Answer 2

Forms physical barrier to entrance of microbes.

Question 3

Mucous
membranes

Answer 3

Inhibit entrance of many microbes, but not as
effective as intact skin.

Question 4

Mucus

Answer 4

Traps microbes in respiratory tract and d

Question 5

Hairs

Answer 5

Filter out microbes and dust in nose.

Question 6

Cilia

Answer 6

Together with mucus, trap and remove microbes
and dust from upper respiratory tract.

Question 7

Lacrimal apparatus T

Answer 7

Tears dilute and wash away irritating substances
and microbes.

Question 8

Saliva

Answer 8

Washes microbes from surfaces of teeth and
mucous membranes of mouth.

Question 9

Urine

Answer 9

Washes microbes from urethra.

Question 10

Defecation and
vomiting

Answer 10

Expel microbes from body.

Question 11

Sebum

Answer 11

Sebum Forms protective acidic film over skin surface that
inhibits growth of many microbes.

Question 12

Lysozyme

Answer 12

Lysozyme Antimicrobial substance in perspiration, tears,
saliva, nasal secretions, and tissue fluids.

Question 13

Gastric juice

Answer 13

Gastric juice Destroys bacteria and most toxins in stomac

Question 14

Vaginal secretions

Answer 14

Slight acidity discourages bacterial growth; flush
microbes out of vagina.