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Anti-TB > First line drugs > Flashcards

First line drugs Flashcards

1
Q

First line drugs names

A

Isoniazid
Rifampin
Ethambutol
Pyrazinamide

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2
Q

Doc in tuberculosis

A

Isoniazid

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3
Q

Isoniazid M.O.A

A

Inhibits synthesis of mycolic acid - Activated by katG

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4
Q

Isoniazid Indications

A
  • T.B - Drug of choice
  • Latent TB
  • Prevention of T.B in neonates and children under 5
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5
Q

Isoniazid treatment duration

A

6 months Isoniazid + rifampin

9 months - latent tb

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6
Q

Isoniazid Adverse Effects

A
  • Fever, skin rash, drug induced SLE
  • Hepatits - Most common
  • Hepatocellular damage and necrosis
  • Peripheral neuropathy - pyrodoxine deficiency(Vit B6)
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7
Q

Rifampin M.O.A

A

Bind to β subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase -> prevents enzyme from binding to DNA and inhibits DNA transcription and RNA synthesis

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8
Q

Rimfampin Indications

A
  • Active TB - with Isoniazid
  • Latent TB - Alternative to Isoniazid
  • Atypical MB infections and leprosy- w/other agents
  • Meningococcal carriage
  • Prophylaxis influenzae B - children
  • Eradication staph.carriage - w/other agent
  • Osteomyelitis
  • Prosthetic valve endocarditis
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9
Q

Rifampin Adverse Effects

A
  • Orange color - Urine, sweat and tears*
  • Rashed , Thrombocytopenia, nephritis
  • Cholestatic jaundice, hepatitis
  • Light chain proteinuria
  • Flu like symptons
  • Acute tubular necrosis
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10
Q

Ethambutol M.O.A

A

Inhibits mycobacterial arabinosyl transferase

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11
Q

Ethambutol Indications

A
  • T.B - in combo w/isoniazid or rifampin

- T.B meningitis

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12
Q

Ethambutol Adverse Effects

A

Retrobulbular neuritis

  • Loss of visual acuity
  • Red green color blindness
  • Contraindicated in children
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13
Q

Pyrazinamide M.O.A

A

Specific drug target = unknown
Converted to pyrazinoic acid
pyrazinoic acid -> Inhibits growth of M.tuberculosis possibly inhibiting fatty acid synthesis

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14
Q

Pyrazinamide Indications

A

In combo w/Isoniazid and rifampin

- Prevents relapse

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15
Q

Pyrazinamide Adverse Effects

A
  • Hepatoxicity - 1-5%
  • Hyperuricemia -> Actue gout
  • Drug fever
  • Hematologic toxicity
  • Arthralgia
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Anti-TB (1 decks)

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