First Farmers In SA

Question 1

Which part of Africa did the people begin to grow crops 3000 years ago

Answer 1

Central Africa

Question 2

Could the crop farmers stay for a long time in the same area and why - 3 marks

Answer 2

No because the crops would take goodness out of the soil and was no longer fertile

Question 3

Where did the farmers from central Africa move once the land was no longer useful

Answer 3

They moved southwards

Question 4

Where is the summer rainfall area of SA

Answer 4

North East of SA

Question 5

Name 5 things the people did in the north east (summer rainfall) area

Answer 5

Farm Cattle & sheep
Grew millet or sorghum 
Made pottery
Iron workers
Trade in ivory

Question 6

What is a small settlement known as and who led it

Answer 6

Know as a Chiefdom led by a chief

Question 7

The larger chiefdoms were led under what

Answer 7

A king

Question 8

What area was wealthy and powerful in the early 1200’s

Answer 8

Mapungubwe / Limpopo

Question 9

As farmers moved to the east coast of SA. Where did they settle?

Answer 9

They settled in the fertile river valleys of the drakensberg mountains and the coast

Question 10

How did the farmers clear their land to plant crops

Answer 10

Cut down trees and bushes and burnt the grass

Question 11

Name 3 things cattle provide to the people

Answer 11

Meat, milk & clothing

Question 12

How did the farmers get extra meat

Answer 12

They hunted

Question 13

If the people didn’t farm, what job did they have

Answer 13

Some worked iron and made pottery

Question 14

Where did the farmers with cattle and sheep move to have better grazing

Answer 14

To the high grasslands

Question 15

Where did the farmers who grew crops stay

Answer 15

In the river valleys

Question 16

Could the farmers who moved to the gassland grow groups

Answer 16

No

Question 17

How did the cattle & sheep farmers get grain

Answer 17

They traded cattle for grain

Question 18

How was a a homestead made up

Answer 18

Huts in a circle around a cattle kraal

Question 19

What is a homestead

Answer 19

Huts together with a cattle kraal

Question 20

How did the farmers store their grain

Answer 20

By digging pits in the ground and lined with clay

Question 21

How did the fakers make meal

Answer 21

By ground millet and sorghum with grinding stones

Question 22

How did the farmers get iron

Answer 22

By trading the with iron makers

Question 23

What were the most important iron tools used

Answer 23

Hoes & Axes

Question 24

Was land important to everyone and why

Answer 24

Yes because everyone had the right to the land and the products on that land

Question 25

Where did the Chiefs sons move on as they got older and why

Answer 25

Moved away to new land to become their own chief

Question 26

When was there conflict over the land

Answer 26

During drought

Question 27

Did the farmers rely on the San people in the early years. | Name 3 reasons why

Answer 27

Yes San could bring rain San looked after the farmers cattle Farmers used the San's stone tools

Question 28

Why was their conflict between the San and farmers

Answer 28

Because the farmers grew bigger and needed more space for their cattle

Question 29

Who was the head of a homestead

Answer 29

The senior male

Question 30

Who belongs to a lineage

Answer 30

Groups of related families

Question 31

All members of a lineage are related through what

Answer 31

Common ansestors

Question 32

Who are know as elders

Answer 32

The most respected senior men

Question 33

How was a clan formed

Answer 33

By a number of people who believed they all came from the same ansestors and share the clan name

Question 34

What made up a village

Answer 34

A group of homesteads

Question 35

Who would meet in the village to discuss matters

Answer 35

The heads of each homestead

Question 36

Who controls the cattle belonging to the lineage

Answer 36

The elders

Question 37

When a young man wants to marry who does he speak to about what

Answer 37

He speaks to the else's about how many cattle he must provide

Question 38

What is mixed farming

Answer 38

To farm with cattle and crops

Question 39

Name 4 things other than sorghum and millet that the farmers grew

Answer 39

Maize, pumpkins, melons & sweet cane

Question 40

What food did women gather

Answer 40

Berries &a wild spinach

Question 41

What were boys taught at initiation

Answer 41

Economic knowledge and how to be a good leader

Question 42

What were girls taught at initiation

Answer 42

Taught the roles of being a women

Question 43

What were both boys and girls taught ant initiation

Answer 43

Respect and self discipline

Question 44

How do we know people co-operated with one another

Answer 44

They all worked together during the year They all worked together during seasons They all Shared food They all took responsibility to look after the children

Question 45

Who selects a leader of the homestead

Answer 45

The elder

Question 46

Over time, who takes over from a chief

Answer 46

His son from the great wife

Question 47

When a chief dies young and his son is too young to rule, who will be chief and for how long

Answer 47

His wife will be chief until his son is old enough

Question 48

If a chief treated the elder or other members of the homestead badly, who moves away

Answer 48

The elder and his family and cattle

Question 49

What were the people from the homestead able to do with the wealth of cattle - 6 things

Answer 49

``` Food, milk , skins Marriage gifts Trade Paying tax Starting homesteads Sacrificing for religious reasons ```

Question 50

Name 4 things iron can be used for

Answer 50

Hoes & axes to plant Use for hunting Use to pay taxes Use for bridewealth

Question 51

What did metal workers mine

Answer 51

Copper

Question 52

What was copper used for

Answer 52

To make Jewelry eg. Arm bands, earnings and necklaces

Question 53

What is stronger, iron or copper

Answer 53

Iron