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Veterinary Cannabis Counselor Course > First attempt- do not use > Flashcards

First attempt- do not use Flashcards

Module 1 - Introduction to the Endocannabinoid System

1
Q

what is the role of the veterinary team?

A

Prevention of harm
patient advocacy
maintain and strengthen the VCPR
Scientific and medical advancement

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2
Q

ECS: a system of balance

A

inter and intra-cellular communication
regulation between cell system
maintain whole-body homeostasis

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3
Q

ECS consists of:

A

Cannabinoid receptors
Cannabinoids
Enzymes

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4
Q

Cannabinoid receptor Characteristics

A

G-protein coupled receptors

  • membrane-bound
  • Conformation change with ligand binding
  • activation results in intracellular signaling
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5
Q

CB1 receptors are located?

A

Primarily within the nervous system

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6
Q

CB2 receptors are located?

A

Primarily within peripheral tissue , immune system

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7
Q

CB1 receptor target, name a few?

A 
motor activity
thinking
appetite
pain perception
immune cells
motor coordination
short term memory
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8
Q

CB2 receptors influence most of the body, name a few?

A

Gut, kidneys, pancreas, adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, bone, eye, tumors, repo system, immune system, respiratory tract, skin, CNS, cardiovascular system, liver

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9
Q

CB1 receptor is located where on the neuron?

A

Pre-synaptic neuron

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10
Q

Glutamate =

A

Excitatory signal

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11
Q

GABA =

A

Inhibitory signal

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12
Q

Retrograde feedback results in diverse effects

A

Depolarization-induced suppression of excitation (DSE)
inhibition of Glutamate
Depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition (DSI)
Inhibition of GABA

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13
Q

CB1 receptors =

A

Neuro-modulatory

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14
Q

Endocannabinoids (eCBs)

A

Anandamide (AEA)

2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)

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15
Q

eCBS are lipid-derived, enzyme activated and “On Demand”, inactive precursors are?

A

NAPE-PLD > AEA

DAGLa > 2-AG

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16
Q

AEA is degraded by?

A

FAAH- Fatty acid amide hydrolase

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17
Q

2-AG is degraded by?

A

MGL- Monoglyceral lipase

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18
Q

Exogenous Cannabinoids are?

A

THC- delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
-direct agonist

CBD- Cannabidinol
-eCB reuptake inhibiton

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19
Q

There’s so MUCH MORE than CBD and THC

A

Cannabis plants produce over 180 cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavinoids

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20
Q

CB2 receptor density can increase up to 100x in response?

A

to inflammation, Allows for targeting of injury

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21
Q

CB2 receptors =

A

immuno-modulatory

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22
Q

Temporal control

A 
retrograde feedback (CB1)
on-demand production/rapid degradation (eCBs)
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23
Q

Spatial Control

A

pre-synaptic location (CB1)

increase CB2 receptors in injury

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24
Q

Phyto-cannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoids are examples of?

A

exogenous cannabinoids

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25
There's so MUCH MORE than CBD and THC
Cannabis plants produce over 180 cannabinoids: CBD, THC, CBG, CBN, CBDa.... terpenes: essential oils/aromatherapy Flavinoids
26
The sum is greater than the parts
Entourage effect (Synergy)
27
Complex molecular profile provides
increased safety increased therapeutic potential unique synergistic effects
28
Cannabidiol (CBD) | Supportive and regulatory effects
``` Indirect agonist eCB reuptake inhibition -Inhibition of FAAH Allosteric binding at CB1 Activity outside of the ECS ```
29
Affects metabolism of >60% of pharmaceuticals, such as?
Steroids/NSAIDs | antidepressants
30
delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) | Strong anti-inflammatory and pain control effects
Activity at agonist-activated cannabinoid receptor (CB1) Modulate nociceptive thresholds inhibit release of pro-inflammatory molecules Synergy with endogenous opioid system
31
THC side effects are?
Sensitivity to light Sensitivity to sound ANXIETY in animals
32
Clinical applications for THC
Severe inflammation Uncontrolled/neurogenic pain Cancer treatments
33
Clinical applications for CBD
Chronic disease immune deficiencies/stress behavior disorders
34
Clinical applications for CBD isolate
situational anxiety
35
Clinical applications for CBD + minor cannabinoids + terpenes
complex anxiety chronic anxiety concurrent diseases
36
Clinical applications for CDB + THC + minor cannabinoids + terpenes
``` severe anxiety and complex conditions concurrent diseases (pain, inflammation) ```
37
Ask for a | Certificate of Analysis
Practionersmust know the molecular profiles of a cannabis product essential for patient safety essential for consumer protection
38
Cannabis species?
Cannabis sativa Cannabis indica Cannabis ruderalis
39
industrial hemp vs marijuana
<0.3% THC = industrial hemp | >0.3% THC = marijuana
40
Neuronal plasticity
adapts to the signal being passed, neuro-modulatory
41
Anandamide
direct agonist
42
2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)
partial agonist
43
ECS is responsible for?
balance, regulation, and homeostasis
44
ECS present in all vertebrates, best understood in mammals
responsible for whole-body homeostasis
45
The Endocannabinoid system first discovered in?
1980's
46
Humans have Clinical endocannabinoid deficiency syndrome, linked to?
migraines, IBS, fibromyalgia
47
Biochemical assay via laboratory analysis, COA
Quantifies cannabinoid and non-cannabinoid molecules. | ex: terpenes
48
The terpene myrcene effect is?
contributes a strong sedating effect, hypnotic, analgesic, and muscle relaxant. myrcene acts as an anti-inflammatory interfering in the prostaglandins metabolic pathway
49
The terpene limonene effect is?
provides an uplifting effect. anxiolytic effects, causing a rise in serotonin and dopamine
50
The terpene linolol effect is?
an anxiolytic effect. anti-seizure properties that inhibit glutamatergic activity
51
The terpene pinene effect is?
anti-inflammatory properties, significant antibiotic effects even against antibiotic-resistant pathogens. acts as a bronchodilator in humans at low inhaled concentrations
52
The terpene Beta-caryophyelle effect is?
antifungal effects, anti-inflammatory properties one by blocking prostaglandins inflammatory pathway and as a CB2 agonsit
53
Cannabis plants are exceptionally capable of extracting substances from the environment, such as soil, and accumulating these substances within the structure of the plant itself.
Phytoremediation "Plant remedy" a process by which a plant is able to remove degrade, or contain contamination
54
The cannabis plants contain many phytocannabinoids with weak or null psychoactivity.
CBD- anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory CBDA- an inhibitor of selective COX-2 with anti-inflammatory effects CBG- acts against proliferation and as an antibacterial CBC- can cause hypothermia, sedation, and hypoactivity in mice. also acts as an anti-inflammatory, and anti-microbial, and a soft analgesic
55
The terpene eucalyptol effect is?
Clinical efficacy for treating asthma and sinusitis, anti-inflammatory and a local anesthetic. has also been shown to have immunosuppressive and in vitro anti-leukemia properties
56
Flavonoids have relevant pharmacological activities, like?
antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, antibiotic, antidiarrheal and against cancer
57
The flavonoids Cannflavins A, B, and C effects are?
Anti-inflammatory
58
The flavonoids Vitexin and isovitexin effects are?
inhibiting the thyroid peroxidase, therapeutic applicability for gout
59
The flavonoid kaempferol effects are?
antidepressant, mat reduce risk of cancer and some coronary disease with kaempferol rich diets
60
The flavonoid Apigenin effects are?
acts as an anxiolytic and sedative on the GABA receptor. capable of stimulating the monoamine transporter, altering neurotransmitter levels. also shown to decrease the secondary effects of ciclosporin A.
61
The flavonoid Quercitin effects are?
inhibits viral enzymes and can have antiviral effects. inhibits production prostaglandins, acting as an anti-inflammatory. inhibits MAO!
62
The flavonoids luteonin and orientin effects are?
Shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibiotic and act as an agent against cancer.

Veterinary Cannabis Counselor Course (2 decks)

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